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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Identification of Pharmaceuticals in The Aquatic Environment Using HPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS and Elimination of Erythromycin Through Photo-Induced Degradation

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Pharmacobezoars described and demystified.

Serge-Emile Simpson¹

¹Albert Einstein Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Philadelphia 19141, USA. SimpsoSe@einstein.edu

Clinical Toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.)

|March 5, 2011

Summary

Pharmacobezoars, or drug concretions, form in the GI tract from medications. Diagnosis and management depend on the specific drug, requiring a high index of suspicion.

Area of Science:

Gastroenterology
Pharmacology
Internal Medicine

Background:

Bezoars are foreign material concretions in the gastrointestinal tract.
Pharmacobezoars specifically form from pharmaceutical products, including tablets and suspensions.
This review examines English-language literature on pharmacobezoar formation and management.

Purpose of the Study:

To catalog and review all available English-language reports on pharmacobezoars.
To analyze the circumstances, formation, and management of drug-induced bezoars.
To identify patterns and themes in pharmacobezoar cases.

Main Methods:

Searched OVID MEDLINE, PubMed, and JSTOR for "bezoar," "pharmacobezoar," and "concretion."
Included English-language publications without date restrictions.

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Excluded non-medication bezoars and specific types like phytobezoars and food bezoars.

Examined bibliographies of accumulated articles for additional cases.

Grouped cases by the pharmaceutical agent responsible for bezoar formation.

Main Results:

Pharmacobezoars can form from various pharmaceutical formulations under diverse circumstances.
The specific pharmaceutical agent significantly influences the characteristics and management of the pharmacobezoar.
Analysis of case reports reveals patterns related to drug properties and patient factors.

Conclusions:

Pharmacobezoars are challenging to diagnose accurately.
Effective management strategies are highly dependent on the causative pharmaceutical agent.
Increasing clinical awareness and a high index of suspicion are crucial for improving diagnostic accuracy.