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Procedures for In Vitro Cultivation of Treponema pallidum, the Syphilis Spirochete
Published on: January 24, 2025
The changing face of neurosyphilis
Lama M Chahine1, Rami N Khoriaty, Walton J Tomford
1Division of Neurology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44016, USA.
Summary
Syphilis incidence is rising, especially in HIV patients, with changing clinical signs like stroke. Neurosyphilis diagnosis and treatment in HIV patients present unique challenges.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- The incidence of syphilis has significantly increased over the last decade.
- This rise is particularly notable within the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patient population.
- Clinical presentations of syphilis have evolved since the onset of the HIV epidemic.
Observation:
- Neurosyphilis, a neurological complication of syphilis, exhibits diverse clinical manifestations.
- Acute stroke is recognized as one of the presenting symptoms of neurosyphilis.
- Diagnosing and managing neurosyphilis in individuals with HIV is complex.
Findings:
- This review synthesizes current knowledge on the clinical presentation, pathophysiology, and treatment of neurosyphilis.
- Special emphasis is placed on neurosyphilis occurring in the context of HIV infection.
- The role of neurosyphilis as a cause of acute stroke is specifically addressed.
Implications:
- Understanding the evolving clinical landscape of syphilis is crucial for timely diagnosis.
- Neurosyphilis requires careful consideration in HIV-positive individuals presenting with neurological symptoms, including stroke.
- Effective management strategies for neurosyphilis in HIV patients are essential for improving patient outcomes.
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