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Parameter interpolation in speech synthesis.

R D Wright1, S J Elliott

  • 1Institute of Sound and Vibration Research, The University, Southampton, United Kingdom.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|January 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
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This study compared six speech synthesizer parameter types. Differences in formant frequency and bandwidth transitions were observed, impacting speech synthesis quality.

Area of Science:

  • Acoustic Phonetics
  • Speech Synthesis
  • Signal Processing

Background:

  • Speech synthesis relies on various parameter types to model vocal tract acoustics.
  • Understanding how different parameters affect formant transitions is crucial for realistic speech generation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the transition properties of six distinct speech synthesizer parameter types.
  • To analyze how linear interpolation of these parameters influences formant paths and acoustic output.

Main Methods:

  • Six parameter types were evaluated: serial resonance, prediction coefficients, reflection coefficients, area functions, parallel resonance, and articulatory parameters.
  • Linear interpolation was applied to parameter values between target states for nonsense words.
  • Resultant formant values were converted and visualized as spectrograms (frequency vs. time).

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Main Results:

  • The first four parameter types (serial resonance, prediction coefficients, reflection coefficients, area functions) are formally equivalent for steady-state sounds.
  • Parallel resonance and articulatory parameters involve approximations but achieve similar targets.
  • Differences in formant frequency transitions were common, with notable variations in formant bandwidths observed.

Conclusions:

  • The choice of speech synthesizer parameter type significantly impacts formant transition paths.
  • These differences, particularly in bandwidth, can affect the acoustic realism of synthesized speech.
  • Further research into parameter equivalency and transition modeling is warranted for improved speech synthesis.