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Related Concept Videos

Structural Joints: Synovial Joints01:16

Structural Joints: Synovial Joints

Synovial joints are the most common type of joint in the body. A key structural characteristic for a synovial joint is the presence of a joint cavity. This fluid-filled space is where the articulating surfaces of the bones contact each other. Also, unlike fibrous or cartilaginous joints, the articulating bone surfaces at a synovial joint are not directly connected to each other with fibrous connective tissue or cartilage. This gives the bones of a synovial joint the ability to move smoothly...
Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints01:17

Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints

As the name indicates, at a cartilaginous joint, the adjacent bones are united by cartilage, a tough but flexible type of connective tissue. Unlike synovial joints, these types of joints lack a joint cavity and involve bones joined together by either hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage.
There are two types of cartilaginous joints:
Synchondrosis
A synchondrosis ("joined by cartilage") is a cartilaginous joint where bones are connected by hyaline cartilage. Synchondrosis may be temporary or...
Development of the Limb Synovial Joints01:07

Development of the Limb Synovial Joints

Joints form during embryonic development in conjunction with the formation and growth of the associated bones. The embryonic tissue that gives rise to all bones, cartilage, and connective tissues of the body is called mesenchyme.
The mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into chondrocytes that form the hyaline cartilage, and later the cartilaginous model of the bone. This model further transforms into a bone. This process is known as endochondral ossification.
During development, the limbs...
Knee Joint01:23

Knee Joint

The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris group...
Growth of Cartilage and Bone Tissue01:27

Growth of Cartilage and Bone Tissue

Chondrocytes form a temporary cartilaginous model by dividing and secreting a thick gel-like extracellular matrix. Once the chondrocytes undergo programmed cell death, osteoblasts enter the site of the cartilaginous model. The process of replacing the temporary cartilaginous model with bone in an ordered manner is called endochondral ossification. In endochondral ossification, not all of the cartilage is replaced by bone tissue. Some cartilage that performs a protective and supportive function...
Structural Classification of Joints01:20

Structural Classification of Joints

Joints, also known as articulations, are classified based on their structural characteristics, i.e., based on whether the articulating surfaces of the adjacent bones are directly connected by fibrous connective tissue or cartilage, or whether the articulating surfaces contact each other within a fluid-filled joint cavity. These differences serve to divide the joints of the body into three structural classifications.
A fibrous joint is where the adjacent bones are united by fibrous connective...

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Biotribological Testing and Analysis of Articular Cartilage Sliding against Metal for Implants
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Published on: May 14, 2020

Articular cartilage skiving: the concept defined.

R C Takemoto1, M J Gage, L Rybak

  • 1Hospital for Joint Diseases, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10003, USA.

The Journal of Hand Surgery, European Volume
|March 5, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Articular skiving, a disruption of the subchondral plate, can occur with screw penetration up to 1.8mm. Computed tomography (CT) offers higher sensitivity than radiographs for detecting this surgical complication.

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Autologous Microfractured and Purified Adipose Tissue for Arthroscopic Management of Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus
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Area of Science:

  • Orthopaedic Surgery
  • Radiology
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Articular skiving involves subchondral plate disruption and cartilage displacement without joint penetration.
  • Accurate detection of skiving is crucial for preventing joint complications after distal radius fixation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define radiographic parameters for identifying articular skiving.
  • To compare the accuracy of standard radiographs versus computed tomography (CT) in diagnosing skiving.

Main Methods:

  • Cadaveric distal radius specimens were used with volar plate fixation.
  • Arthrotomy confirmed screw positions relative to the joint.
  • Standard/anatomic tilt radiographs and CT scans were obtained.
  • Radiologists and orthopaedic surgeons interpreted images for skiving or penetration.

Main Results:

  • Radiographs showed 53% sensitivity and 83% specificity for skiving.
  • CT demonstrated 100% sensitivity and 72% specificity.
  • Skiving involved subchondral plate penetration of up to 1.8mm.
  • CT had higher sensitivity but lower specificity than radiographs.

Conclusions:

  • Articular skiving is a potential complication in distal radius fixation.
  • Computed tomography is more sensitive than standard radiographs for detecting skiving.
  • Radiographic parameters for skiving require further definition.