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Related Concept Videos

Genital Herpes01:23

Genital Herpes

Genital herpes is a sexually transmitted infection primarily caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), though herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is increasingly implicated in genital infections, particularly among younger populations. Transmission occurs mainly through sexual contact, with asymptomatic viral shedding serving as a major route of spread. This characteristic makes HSV-2 difficult to control at a population level, as individuals may unknowingly transmit the virus even in the...
Herpes01:28

Herpes

Herpes simplex type 1 (HSV‑1) is a widespread pathogen responsible for orolabial lesions. It is an enveloped, double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) virus belonging to the family Herpesviridae. Once the virus infects a host cell, its double‑stranded DNA genome is delivered into the nucleus, where a coordinated cascade of immediate‑early, early, and late gene expression directs viral DNA replication, structural protein synthesis, and virion assembly. After primary infection of epithelial cells, HSV-1...
Cytomegalovirus Disease01:27

Cytomegalovirus Disease

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is caused by human cytomegalovirus, a double-stranded DNA virus of the Herpesviridae family. While primary CMV infection is often asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, the virus can cause severe disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. CMV is the most common cause of congenital viral infection in the United States, and a major pathogen in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.CMV is transmitted via bodily fluids, sexual...
Sexually Transmitted Infections01:26

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
Infection01:20

Infection

When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer01:03

Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer

Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand  RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...

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Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Ex Vivo Infection of Murine Epidermis with Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1
11:56

Ex Vivo Infection of Murine Epidermis with Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1

Published on: August 24, 2015

HSV Entry and Spread.

C A Maclean1

  • 1Institute of Neurological Sciences, Southern General Hospital NHS Trust, University Department of Neurology, Glasgow, Scotland, UK.

Methods in Molecular Medicine
|March 5, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This chapter details assays for tracking herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) cell entry and spread. It highlights key viral glycoproteins like gB, gC, and gD involved in cell attachment and fusion.

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Detection of the Genome and Transcripts of a Persistent DNA Virus in Neuronal Tissues by Fluorescent In situ Hybridization Combined with Immunostaining
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Determination of Biofilm Initiation on Virus-infected Cells by Bacteria and Fungi
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Determination of Biofilm Initiation on Virus-infected Cells by Bacteria and Fungi

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Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Ex Vivo Infection of Murine Epidermis with Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1
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Published on: August 24, 2015

Detection of the Genome and Transcripts of a Persistent DNA Virus in Neuronal Tissues by Fluorescent In situ Hybridization Combined with Immunostaining
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Determination of Biofilm Initiation on Virus-infected Cells by Bacteria and Fungi
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Determination of Biofilm Initiation on Virus-infected Cells by Bacteria and Fungi

Published on: July 6, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) entry and cell-to-cell spread are intricate processes.
  • These processes involve multiple HSV-encoded membrane proteins, including glycoproteins.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe assays used to monitor HSV-1 entry and spread in cell culture.
  • To review the roles of specific HSV-encoded glycoproteins in viral entry.

Main Methods:

  • The chapter focuses on commonly used assays for observing HSV-1 cell culture dynamics.
  • It discusses the functions of viral glycoproteins in cell recognition, attachment, and fusion.

Main Results:

  • HSV-1 entry involves initial attachment mediated by glycoproteins gC and gB interacting with heparan sulfate proteoglycans.
  • A more stable attachment is mediated by gD, followed by membrane fusion requiring gB and gH/gL.

Conclusions:

  • Specific viral glycoproteins (gB, gC, gD, gH/gL) play crucial roles in HSV-1 entry.
  • The precise functions of some proteins and the roles of other membrane proteins in entry into different cell types require further investigation.