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Related Concept Videos

Cytoskeletal Linker Proteins - Plakins01:09

Cytoskeletal Linker Proteins - Plakins

Plakins are large proteins with binding domains for microtubules, microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and membrane-associated protein complexes at cell junctions. Plakin functions are evolutionarily conserved and are primarily involved in organizing the different components of the cytoskeleton by crosslinking them to each other and connecting them to the cell-matrix and cell adhesion complexes. They are also known to interact with signal transducers, serve as scaffolds for signaling...
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Anchoring Junctions

Anchoring junctions are multiprotein complexes that help cells connect to other cells and the extracellular matrix. Anchoring junctions are present on the lateral and basal surfaces of cells, providing strong and flexible connections. Focal adhesions are often formed due to cell interactions with the ECM substrata, which initiate signal transduction via kinase cascades and other mechanisms. Together, they provide stability and tissue integrity. There are three types of anchoring junctions:...
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Types of Intermediate Filaments

The intermediate filaments are an essential component of the cytoskeleton. Presently six types of intermediate filament have been identified. Type I and II are acidic and basic keratin proteins. Type III is of mesodermal origin and comprises four proteins: vimentin, desmin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and peripherin. Vimentin is commonly found in mesenchymal cells, desmin in muscle cells, GFAP in astrocytes, while peripherin is found in peripheral nervous system neurons (PNS). Type...
Conserved Binding Sites01:49

Conserved Binding Sites

Many proteins’ biological role depends on their interactions with their ligands, small molecules that bind to specific locations on the protein known as ligand-binding sites. Ligand-binding sites are often conserved among homologous proteins as these sites are critical for protein function.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Synthesis of Keratin-based Nanofiber for Biomedical Engineering
14:43

Synthesis of Keratin-based Nanofiber for Biomedical Engineering

Published on: February 7, 2016

An extended database of keratin binding.

Steffi Hansen1, Dominik Selzer, Ulrich F Schaefer

  • 1Saarland University, Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Saarbruecken, Germany. st.hansen@mx.uni-saarland.de

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
|March 5, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Updated keratin binding data improves dermal absorption models. New analysis enhances predictions for stratum corneum (SC) partitioning and diffusion coefficients, crucial for skin absorption research.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacokinetics
  • Dermal Absorption Modeling
  • Biophysical Chemistry

Background:

  • Accurate dermal absorption modeling requires high-quality input data, particularly for corneocyte-phase partitioning.
  • Existing estimates are limited by a small and non-diverse dataset, necessitating an updated analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To update and broaden the analysis of corneocyte-phase partitioning data.
  • To improve the accuracy of diffusion modeling for dermal absorption.
  • To investigate keratin binding coefficients for various compounds.

Main Methods:

  • Collected literature data on binding coefficients to various keratins (hoof/horn, callus, stratum corneum (SC), nail, hair, wool).
  • Measured binding coefficients for hydrophilic and ionizable compounds to hoof/horn and delipidized SC at different pH values.
  • Utilized octanol-water partition coefficients (log K(o/w)) and pH corrections for predictions.

Main Results:

  • Hoof/horn, callus, and delipidized SC are suitable keratins for estimating corneocyte protein binding.
  • Binding coefficients correlate with log K(o/w), with predictions improved by pH correction for ionizable compounds.
  • The extended database reveals a steeper correlation than previously observed, impacting SC partition and diffusion coefficient estimates.

Conclusions:

  • The updated analysis provides a more robust dataset for corneocyte-phase partitioning.
  • Improved predictions enhance the reliability of diffusion modeling for dermal absorption.
  • Findings have significant implications for understanding and predicting skin penetration of chemicals.