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Related Experiment Videos

Lexical effects in phonemic processing: facilitatory or inhibitory.

U H Frauenfelder1, J Segui, T Dijkstra

  • 1Max-Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance
|February 1, 1990
PubMed
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Lexical information aids speech perception but only after a word's uniqueness point. This study found no evidence of lexical inhibition affecting phoneme identification, suggesting limits on how word knowledge impacts spoken word recognition.

Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Cognitive Science
  • Speech Perception

Background:

  • Understanding how listeners identify spoken words is crucial in psycholinguistics.
  • Models of speech perception differ on the role and timing of lexical information.
  • Autonomous models suggest lexical access occurs after phoneme processing, while interactive models propose parallel processing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the temporal dynamics of lexical effects on phoneme identification.
  • To differentiate between predictions of autonomous and interactive models of speech perception.
  • To determine the conditions under which lexical information influences phoneme monitoring.

Main Methods:

  • Phoneme-monitoring experiments were conducted.
  • Participants detected phoneme targets in words and matched nonwords.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Latency differences were analyzed to assess lexical facilitation and inhibition.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant lexical facilitation was observed only when phoneme targets appeared after the word's uniqueness point.
    • No evidence for lexically mediated inhibition of phoneme identification was found.
    • Results contradicted predictions of the interactive activation model TRACE.

    Conclusions:

    • Lexical information exerts a limited influence on phoneme identification, primarily occurring late in word processing.
    • The findings support constraints on the interaction between lexical knowledge and early speech perception.
    • Speech perception is not fully driven by lexical information, especially for unambiguous speech signals.