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Related Concept Videos

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder01:28

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental health condition characterized by recurrent obsessions, compulsions, or both, which consume significant time and interfere with daily functioning. Obsessions involve persistent, intrusive, and unwanted thoughts, images, or urges that evoke anxiety. Common examples include irrational fears of contamination or harm. Compulsions are repetitive behaviors or mental acts performed to reduce the anxiety caused by obsessions. For instance, individuals...
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Psychosurgery, the surgical alteration or permanent removal of brain tissue to alleviate severe psychological conditions, stands as one of the most radical and controversial treatments in the history of mental health care. Its development and application have evolved significantly, marked by dramatic shifts in scientific understanding and ethical perspectives.
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Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), or shock therapy, remains a critical biomedical intervention for severe, treatment-resistant depression. While its origins can be traced back to Hippocrates' observations that malaria-induced convulsions alleviated mental illness, modern ECT has evolved significantly from its earlier, more primitive applications. First introduced in 1938 by Ugo Cerletti and his colleagues, ECT involves inducing controlled seizures using electrical currents. In its early years,...

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Advancing deep brain stimulation for obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Adam P Burdick1, Kelly D Foote

  • 1Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Florida, FL, USA.

Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics
|March 8, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the nucleus accumbens shows efficacy for severe obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) unresponsive to medication. This study provides further evidence supporting DBS as a viable treatment option for refractory OCD.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurosurgery
  • Psychiatry
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Investigates deep brain stimulation (DBS) targeting the nucleus accumbens for severe, treatment-refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).
  • Reviews a prospective trial involving 16 subjects with medication-refractory OCD.

Discussion:

  • The study provides evidence for the efficacy and safety of nucleus accumbens DBS in severe OCD.
  • Includes sham-controlled data, reinforcing the reality of observed treatment effects.
  • Offers insights into the neuropathophysiology of OCD through DBS interaction mechanisms.

Key Insights:

  • Deep brain stimulation of the nucleus accumbens is a promising therapeutic approach for severe OCD.
  • Sham-controlled evidence supports the efficacy of DBS in this patient population.
  • DBS may elucidate the underlying brain mechanisms of obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Outlook:

  • Further research is warranted to optimize DBS parameters and patient selection for OCD.
  • This study contributes to the growing body of evidence supporting neuromodulation for psychiatric disorders.
  • Continued investigation into DBS-brain interactions could refine our understanding of OCD pathophysiology.