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Related Concept Videos

Peroxisomes01:24

Peroxisomes

Peroxisomes are specialized organelles present in fungi, plant, and animal cells. It can vary in number, size, morphology, and activity depending on the type of tissue and the nutritional state of the cell. For example, cells with active lipid metabolism, such as adipocytes, neurons, and hepatocytes, have more peroxisomes than other cells in the body. Besides their primary role in breaking down complex organic molecules, peroxisomes can also synthesize specific macromolecules and participate in...
Peroxisomes01:30

Peroxisomes

Peroxisomes and mitochondria are two important oxygen-utilizing organelles in eukaryotic cells. Mitochondria carry out cellular respiration—the process that converts energy from food into ATP. Peroxisomes carry out a variety of functions, primarily breaking down different substances, such as fatty acids.The peroxisome is a single membrane-bound cellular organelle that can perform several different functions, including lipid metabolism and chemical detoxification. The enzymes within peroxisomes...
Types of Signaling Molecules01:32

Types of Signaling Molecules

In multicellular organisms, many molecules transmit signals between cells to pass information. These signals vary in complexity and include small peptides, nucleotides, steroids, fatty acid derivatives, and dissolved gases such as nitric oxide. Some signaling molecules diffuse through the plasma membrane to act locally between neighboring cells or travel long distances. Others remain attached to the cell surface, transmitting information to other cells only when they make contact. In some...
Types of Signaling Molecules01:32

Types of Signaling Molecules

In multicellular organisms, many molecules transmit signals between cells to pass information. These signals vary in complexity and include small peptides, nucleotides, steroids, fatty acid derivatives, and dissolved gases such as nitric oxide. Some signaling molecules diffuse through the plasma membrane to act locally between neighboring cells or travel long distances. Others remain attached to the cell surface, transmitting information to other cells only when they make contact. In some...
Chemical Signaling in the Endocrine System01:08

Chemical Signaling in the Endocrine System

A signaling cascade is a series of events that facilitates the transmission of information within or between cells, culminating in a targeted response in the recipient cell. As chemical messengers, hormones are pivotal in initiating and modulating these intricate signaling cascades based on their solubility.
Lipid-soluble hormones, such as steroid hormones, demonstrate an intracellular action. These hormones traverse cell membranes due to their lipid nature. Once inside the target cell, they...
Autoxidation of Ethers to Peroxides and Hydroperoxides02:23

Autoxidation of Ethers to Peroxides and Hydroperoxides

Ethers represent a class of chemical compounds that become more dangerous with prolonged storage because they tend to form explosive peroxides when standing in the air. Autoxidation is the spontaneous oxidation of a compound in air. In the presence of oxygen, ethers slowly oxidize to form hydroperoxides and dialkyl peroxides.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Imaging of mtHyPer7, a Ratiometric Biosensor for Mitochondrial Peroxide, in Living Yeast Cells
09:47

Imaging of mtHyPer7, a Ratiometric Biosensor for Mitochondrial Peroxide, in Living Yeast Cells

Published on: June 2, 2023

Hydrogen peroxide as a signaling molecule.

Elizabeth Veal1, Alison Day

  • 1Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom. e.a.veal@ncl.ac.uk

Antioxidants & Redox Signaling
|March 8, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a key signaling molecule that protects cells from oxidative damage. It also regulates cell division, differentiation, and migration by fine-tuning responses to growth factors and cytokines.

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Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Imaging of mtHyPer7, a Ratiometric Biosensor for Mitochondrial Peroxide, in Living Yeast Cells
09:47

Imaging of mtHyPer7, a Ratiometric Biosensor for Mitochondrial Peroxide, in Living Yeast Cells

Published on: June 2, 2023

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09:25

ROS Live Cell Imaging During Neuronal Development

Published on: February 9, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Cellular biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Oxidative stress

Background:

  • Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) plays a dual role in cellular processes.
  • While it can initiate protective responses against oxidative damage, it also acts as a crucial signaling molecule.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which cells sense and utilize hydrogen peroxide as a signaling molecule.
  • To explore how H2O2 regulates diverse biological processes, including cell division, differentiation, and migration.

Main Methods:

  • Discussion of sensing mechanisms for hydrogen peroxide.
  • Review of signaling pathways involving hydrogen peroxide.
  • Analysis of factors influencing H2O2-mediated cellular responses.

Main Results:

  • Hydrogen peroxide signals are involved in regulating cell division, differentiation, and migration.
  • Cellular responses to H2O2 are influenced by its localization and levels.
  • Antioxidant levels and cellular metal composition modulate the nature of H2O2-mediated responses.

Conclusions:

  • Hydrogen peroxide is a versatile signaling molecule with critical roles in cellular regulation.
  • The cellular environment, including antioxidants and metal ions, significantly impacts H2O2 signaling outcomes.