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Related Concept Videos

Asthma I: Introduction01:28

Asthma I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by variable airflow obstruction and heightened bronchial responsiveness to a wide range of triggers. The underlying inflammation leads to airway swelling, mucus hypersecretion, and smooth muscle constriction, all of which narrow the airway lumen and impede airflow. Clinically, asthma presents with recurrent episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, symptoms that typically vary in intensity and...
Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Asthma-I: Introduction01:29

Asthma-I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...
Antiasthma Drugs: Leukotriene Modifiers01:19

Antiasthma Drugs: Leukotriene Modifiers

Leukotriene modifiers, or cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonists, are medications used to manage chronic asthma. These agents target specific inflammatory mediators produced during arachidonic acid metabolism, an essential process in generating inflammation in the body.
Leukotriene modifiers work through two distinct mechanisms:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Advanced Imaging of Lung Homing Human Lymphocytes in an Experimental In Vivo Model of Allergic Inflammation Based on Light-sheet Microscopy
10:39

Advanced Imaging of Lung Homing Human Lymphocytes in an Experimental In Vivo Model of Allergic Inflammation Based on Light-sheet Microscopy

Published on: April 16, 2019

Th17 cells: new players in asthma pathogenesis.

L Cosmi1, F Liotta, E Maggi

  • 1Center of Excellence for Research, Transfer of Research and High Education for the Development of Novel therapies, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.

Allergy
|March 8, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Different T-helper cell subsets (Th1, Th2, Th17) play distinct roles in immunity and inflammatory diseases like asthma. Understanding these T-cell subsets and their cytokine profiles is crucial for explaining asthma

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Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Advanced Imaging of Lung Homing Human Lymphocytes in an Experimental In Vivo Model of Allergic Inflammation Based on Light-sheet Microscopy
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Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Naïve CD4 T Lymphocytes

Published on: September 26, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • CD4+ T effector lymphocytes differentiate into subsets (Th1, Th2, Th17) based on cytokine production.
  • These subsets mediate immunity against different pathogens but can also drive inflammatory diseases.
  • Asthma presents diverse clinical phenotypes, with Th2 cells implicated in allergic asthma and Th17 cells in neutrophilic asthma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the roles of distinct T-helper cell subsets in the pathogenesis of various asthma phenotypes.
  • To explore the immunological basis for the heterogeneity observed in clinical asthma presentations.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of cytokine secretion patterns from T-helper cell subsets (Th1, Th2, Th17).
  • Correlation of specific T-cell profiles with different asthma phenotypes (allergic vs. neutrophilic).
  • Identification and characterization of mixed T-helper cell populations (e.g., Th17/Th2 cells).

Main Results:

  • Th1 cells produce IFN-γ for intracellular pathogen defense.
  • Th2 cells produce IL-4, important for anti-helminth immunity.
  • Th17 cells produce IL-17, crucial for bacterial and fungal clearance.
  • Allergic asthma is linked to Th2 cells, while neutrophilic asthma involves Th17 cells.
  • Coexistence of Th17/Th2 cells producing both IL-4 and IL-17 observed in allergic asthma patients.

Conclusions:

  • Different T-helper cell subpopulations are active in distinct phases and phenotypes of bronchial asthma.
  • The broad spectrum of asthma clinical phenotypes likely reflects the diverse roles of these cellular players in lung inflammation.
  • Understanding T-cell subset involvement is key to deciphering asthma pathogenesis and heterogeneity.