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Related Concept Videos

Types of RNA01:23

Types of RNA

Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...
Types of RNA01:20

Types of RNA

Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...
Regulation of Bacterial Virulence01:28

Regulation of Bacterial Virulence

Pathogenic bacteria employ a range of regulatory mechanisms to modulate the expression of virulence genes in response to environmental and host-derived signals. These mechanisms ensure that virulence factors are expressed only under favorable conditions, thereby optimizing infection and survival strategies.Mechanisms of Virulence RegulationKey regulatory strategies include:Two-Component Systems: These consist of a membrane-bound sensor kinase and a cytoplasmic response regulator. Environmental...
Determinants of Bacterial Pathogenicity and Virulence01:20

Determinants of Bacterial Pathogenicity and Virulence

Pathogenic bacteria employ a variety of strategies to establish infections, including the secretion of extracellular enzymes that act as potent virulence factors. These enzymes facilitate bacterial colonization of host tissues and help evade immune surveillance. By targeting structural components of host tissues and interfering with immune mechanisms, these enzymes play a pivotal role in disease progression.Extracellular Enzymes Facilitating Tissue Invasion: Several bacterial pathogens secrete...
Ribozymes02:47

Ribozymes

The term ribozyme is used for RNA that can act as an enzyme. Ribozymes are mainly found in selected viruses, bacteria, plant organelles, and lower eukaryotes. Ribozymes were first discovered in 1982 when Tom Cech’s laboratory observed Group I introns acting as enzymes. This was shortly followed by the discovery of another ribozyme, Ribonulcease P, by Sid Altman’s laboratory. Both Cech and Altman received the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1989 for their work on ribozymes.
Ribozymes can be...
Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing01:28

Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing

Quorum sensing is a mechanism of bacterial communication that enables coordinated gene expression in response to changes in population density. This facilitates collective behaviors that enhance survival, resource acquisition, and ecological adaptation. This process relies on small signaling molecules called autoinducers that accumulate as bacterial populations grow. When a critical threshold concentration of autoinducers is reached, bacterial cells collectively modify gene expression,...

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A Non-Coding Small RNA MicC Contributes to Virulence in Outer Membrane Proteins in Salmonella Enteritidis
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A Non-Coding Small RNA MicC Contributes to Virulence in Outer Membrane Proteins in Salmonella Enteritidis

Published on: January 27, 2021

Ribonucleases and bacterial virulence.

Abidat Lawal1, Olufisayo Jejelowo, Ashok K Chopra

  • 1Department of Biology, Center for Bionanotechnology and Environmental Research, Texas Southern University, Houston, TX, USA.

Microbial Biotechnology
|March 8, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bacterial stress responses, including the host-cell induced stress response (HCISR), involve gene regulation and RNA decay. Ribonucleases play key roles in these processes and bacterial virulence, offering potential therapeutic targets.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Bacteria possess stress responses to survive adverse conditions and cause disease.
  • Host-pathogen interactions trigger bacterial genetic reprogramming.
  • RNA decay mechanisms are crucial for bacteria to return to their pre-stress state.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the roles of ribonucleases in bacterial virulence.
  • To explore their involvement in bacterial stress responses.
  • To discuss novel therapeutic applications of ribonucleases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on ribonucleases in bacterial stress and virulence.
  • Analysis of genetic reprogramming and RNA decay pathways.
  • Examination of specific Gram-negative pathogens.

Main Results:

  • Ribonucleases are implicated in bacterial cold shock response and transcript modulation.
  • These enzymes are emerging as virulence-associated factors in pathogens like Salmonella and Shigella.
  • Ribonucleases are involved in regulating gene expression during stress and acclimation.

Conclusions:

  • Ribonucleases are critical regulators of bacterial stress responses and virulence.
  • Understanding their function opens avenues for novel therapeutic strategies against bacterial infections.
  • Targeting ribonucleases could be a promising approach to combat pathogenic bacteria.