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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction01:29

Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction

Pulmonary embolism (PE) occurs when a thrombus, fat or air embolus, amniotic fluid, or tumor tissue blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. These blockages originate in the venous system or the right side of the heart.EtiologyPE primarily arises from deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and other hypercoagulable states, such as inherited thrombophilias. Additional etiological factors include venous stasis, commonly seen in obesity, and endothelial injury from surgery and trauma. Less common causes include...
Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction01:19

Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction

A blood clot, or thrombus, is a semi-solid mass composed of fibrin, platelets, and red blood cells. When it forms within a vessel, it can obstruct blood flow, known as thrombosis. If part of the clot detaches, it becomes an embolus that can travel and block distant vessels. When this occurs in the pulmonary arteries, it causes a condition known as pulmonary embolism (PE).Origin and ImpactMost often, the embolus originates from a thrombus in the deep veins of the lower limbs, a condition called...

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Related Experiment Video

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A Preclinical Mouse Model of Osteosarcoma to Define the Extracellular Vesicle-mediated Communication Between Tumor and Mesenchymal Stem Cells
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Metastatic osteosarcoma presenting as a single pulmonary microembolus.

Mark Shapiro1, Birte Wistinghausen, Peter Midulla

  • 1Department of Surgery, The Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY 10029, USA. mark.shapiro@mssm.edu

Journal of Pediatric Surgery
|March 8, 2011
PubMed
Summary

A rare pulmonary artery tumor embolus occurred in a teen with osteosarcoma post-chemotherapy. This case highlights the importance of considering tumor emboli in cancer patients with shortness of breath.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cardiovascular Pathology
  • Pulmonary Medicine

Background:

  • Tumor emboli originating from osteosarcoma are infrequently reported in medical literature.
  • Distinguishing tumor emboli from pulmonary thromboembolism is critical for appropriate patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report the first case of a single pulmonary artery tumor embolus after surgical resection of osteosarcoma with complete post-chemotherapy necrosis.
  • To emphasize the need to include pulmonary tumor embolism in the differential diagnosis for cancer patients presenting with dyspnea.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a 17-year-old adolescent male with a history of localized osteosarcoma.
  • Detailed clinical presentation, diagnostic workup, and treatment considerations for a symptomatic pulmonary artery tumor embolus.

Main Results:

  • A single, symptomatic pulmonary artery tumor embolus developed in a patient previously treated for osteosarcoma.
  • The patient had achieved 100% tumor necrosis post-chemotherapy and showed no evidence of metastatic disease at surgery.
  • Initial diagnosis was pulmonary thromboembolism, underscoring the diagnostic challenge.

Conclusions:

  • Pulmonary tumor embolism is a rare but significant complication that must be considered in cancer patients with dyspnea.
  • Accurate differentiation from other causes of dyspnea, such as pulmonary thromboembolism, is essential for guiding treatment strategies.