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Related Concept Videos

Association Areas of the Cortex01:21

Association Areas of the Cortex

Association areas are regions of the cerebral cortex that do not have a specific sensory or motor function. Instead, they integrate and interpret information from various sources to enable higher cognitive processes such as memory, learning, and decision-making. Some key association areas include the following:
Prefrontal Association Area: This area is located in the frontal lobe and is involved in planning, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. It connects with primary motor areas,...
Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS).
Vision01:24

Vision

Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Co-analysis of Brain Structure and Function using fMRI and Diffusion-weighted Imaging
17:06

Co-analysis of Brain Structure and Function using fMRI and Diffusion-weighted Imaging

Published on: November 8, 2012

Topographically specific functional connectivity between visual field maps in the human brain.

Jakob Heinzle1, Thorsten Kahnt, John-Dylan Haynes

  • 1Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. jakob.heinzle@bccn-berlin.de

Neuroimage
|March 8, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Spontaneous brain activity reveals detailed functional connectivity in the human visual cortex, even in darkness. This intrinsic functional connectivity mirrors fine-grained anatomical connections, aiding connectome studies.

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Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) of the Visual Cortex with Wide-View Retinotopic Stimulation
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Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) of the Visual Cortex with Wide-View Retinotopic Stimulation

Published on: December 8, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Co-analysis of Brain Structure and Function using fMRI and Diffusion-weighted Imaging
17:06

Co-analysis of Brain Structure and Function using fMRI and Diffusion-weighted Imaging

Published on: November 8, 2012

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) of the Visual Cortex with Wide-View Retinotopic Stimulation
07:11

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) of the Visual Cortex with Wide-View Retinotopic Stimulation

Published on: December 8, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Mammalian brain activity shows spontaneous fluctuations reflecting intrinsic functional connectivity across scales.
  • Spontaneous activity forms large-scale functional networks between remote brain regions.
  • The relationship between functional connectivity and fine-grained anatomical connections, particularly in the visual cortex, remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if intrinsic functional connectivity scales down to fine anatomical connection details.
  • To examine the retinotopic organization of functional connectivity in the human visual cortex.
  • To determine if structured spontaneous activity reflects detailed cortical connectivity.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to analyze spontaneous fluctuations in neural activity.
  • Examined signal coherence in the absence of visual input (complete darkness).
  • Assessed both within- and between-hemisphere connectivity patterns in the visual cortex.

Main Results:

  • fMRI signal fluctuations revealed a detailed, retinotopically organized functional connectivity structure in the human visual cortex.
  • This structured connectivity was preserved even in complete darkness, indicating an intrinsic property.
  • Within-hemisphere connectivity showed clear topographic structure, while between-hemisphere connectivity differed for vertical and horizontal meridian representations.

Conclusions:

  • Spontaneous neural activity is tightly linked to the fine-grained topographic connectivity pattern of the human brain.
  • Intrinsic functional connectivity reflects detailed cortical connectivity at a fine spatial scale.
  • This finding offers a valuable complement to anatomical connectome studies for understanding brain function.