Related Experiment Videos
Pediatric respiratory diseases: 2011 update for the Rogers' Textbook of Pediatric Intensive Care
Kathleen M Ventre1, Gerhard K Wolf, John H Arnold
1Section of Critical Care Medicine, The Children's Hospital, Denver, CO, USA.
Insights
Recent advancements in pediatric respiratory diseases offer new therapeutic strategies for conditions like viral-induced airway disease and neonatal respiratory failure. New monitoring techniques and imaging are guiding future research in acute lung injury.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Respiratory Medicine
- Pediatric Intensive Care
- Critical Care Medicine
Background:
- Significant advancements in pediatric respiratory disease research have emerged since 2008.
- Key areas include status asthmaticus, bronchiolitis, pneumonia, acute lung injury, and neonatal respiratory failure.
- Understanding pathogenesis and management requires continuous literature review.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent literature on pediatric respiratory diseases published after 2008.
- To identify key developments impacting clinical practice and future research.
- To synthesize findings across major pediatric respiratory conditions.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature search of PubMed and reference lists of key articles.
- Inclusion of adult literature relevant to pediatric conditions.
- Inquiry into ongoing clinical trials for acute lung injury via ClinicalTrials.gov.
- Consideration of new publications in respiratory monitoring.
Main Results:
- Selected articles cover status asthmaticus, bronchiolitis, pneumonia, acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome, respiratory monitoring, and neonatal respiratory failure.
- New insights into respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) pathogenesis suggest novel therapies.
- Computed tomography (CT) imaging during mechanical ventilation aids acute lung injury research.
- Noninvasive support shows promise in modifying neonatal respiratory failure outcomes.
Conclusions:
- Important developments in pathogenesis and management of pediatric respiratory diseases.
- Potential for novel therapies for viral-induced airways disease.
- CT imaging and advanced monitoring techniques facilitate future acute lung injury research.
- Noninvasive support strategies can improve neonatal respiratory failure management.
Objectives:
To review articles relevant to the field of pediatric respiratory disease that were published after the 2008 Rogers' Textbook of Pediatric Intensive Care.
Data Sources:
The authors searched the PubMed database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez) from the National Library of Medicine for citations from the pediatric and adult literature relevant to pediatric status asthmaticus, bronchiolitis, pneumonia, acute lung injury, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and neonatal respiratory failure. The authors also searched the reference lists of key primary publications and recent review articles, and queried the National Institutes of Health's ClinicalTrials.gov Web site (www.clinicaltrials.gov) to obtain information about ongoing clinical trials for acute lung injury. The authors had knowledge of new publications in the field of respiratory monitoring, which were considered for inclusion in the review.
Study Selection And Data Extraction:
The authors reviewed the promising articles and the decision to include any article in the review was based on its potential to inform pediatric intensive care practice or future research.
Data Synthesis:
Articles in six categories were selected for inclusion: status asthmaticus, bronchiolitis, pneumonia, acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome, respiratory monitoring, and neonatal respiratory failure.
Conclusions:
There have been important new developments relevant to the pathogenesis and management of pediatric respiratory diseases. In particular, new insights into the causal pathways of respiratory syncytial virus-induced airways disease can potentially lead to novel therapies. Computed tomography imaging of the injured lung during mechanical ventilation has opened new avenues for future research directed at testing new treatments in acute lung injury subpopulations defined according to lung mechanics. Promising new monitoring techniques may play a supporting role in the conduct of these studies. Finally, evidence from the neonatal literature recently has shown how the course and future consequences of respiratory failure in this population may be modified through more widespread use of noninvasive support.
Related Concept Videos
01:29Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease
01:30Pneumonia I: Introduction
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
01:29Pneumonia I: Introduction
01:30Acute Respiratory Failure-III
01:29Acute Respiratory Failure-V
Ensure that patients are monitored continuously for their response to therapy, including changes in...
01:21Acute Respiratory Failure-II
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include: