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Related Concept Videos

Colors and Magnetism03:02

Colors and Magnetism

Color in Coordination Complexes
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human eye.
Diamagnetism01:26

Diamagnetism

Materials consisting of paired electrons have zero net magnetic moments. However, when these materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Such materials are called diamagnets. Diamagnetism is the response of the diamagnets when placed in an external magnetic field.
Diamagnetism was discovered by Anton Brugmans in 1778 when he observed that bismuth gets repelled by magnetic fields, thus theorizing that diamagnets get repelled by magnets.
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
Types Of Superconductors01:28

Types Of Superconductors

A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
Magnetic Moment of an Electron01:23

Magnetic Moment of an Electron

Electrons revolving around a nucleus are analogous to a circular current carrying loop. This current produces a magnetic dipole moment proportional to the electron's orbital angular momentum. Since the orbital angular momentum is quantized in terms of the reduced Planck's constant, the dipole moment is quantized in the Bohr Magneton. The value of the Bohr magneton is 9.27 x 10-24 Am2. Electrons also have an intrinsic spin angular momentum, and the associated spin magnetic moment is...
Potential Due to a Magnetized Object01:24

Potential Due to a Magnetized Object

Magnetic dipoles in magnetic materials are aligned when placed under an external magnetic field. For paramagnets and ferromagnets, dipole alignment occurs in the direction of the magnetic field. However, the dipoles align opposite to the field in the case of diamagnets. This state of magnetic polarization due to the external field is called magnetization. Magnetization is defined as the dipole moment per unit volume. It plays a similar role to polarization in electrostatics.
The vector...

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Optimizing Magnetic Force Microscopy Resolution and Sensitivity to Visualize Nanoscale Magnetic Domains
07:42

Optimizing Magnetic Force Microscopy Resolution and Sensitivity to Visualize Nanoscale Magnetic Domains

Published on: July 20, 2022

Designer magnetic superatoms.

J Ulises Reveles1, Peneé A Clayborne, Arthur C Reber

  • 1Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, USA.

Nature Chemistry
|March 8, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers introduce magnetic superatoms, which combine localized electrons for magnetism and electronic shells for stability, mimicking atomic properties. These novel magnetic superatoms offer potential for advanced molecular electronic devices.

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Synthesis of Immunotargeted Magneto-plasmonic Nanoclusters
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Synthesis of Immunotargeted Magneto-plasmonic Nanoclusters

Published on: August 22, 2014

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Magnetometric Characterization of Intermediates in the Solid-State Electrochemistry of Redox-Active Metal-Organic Frameworks
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Synthesis of Immunotargeted Magneto-plasmonic Nanoclusters
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Synthesis of Immunotargeted Magneto-plasmonic Nanoclusters

Published on: August 22, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Quantum Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Metal clusters exhibit quantum states grouped into electronic shells, analogous to atomic structure.
  • Stable 'magic clusters' form when electronic shells are filled, exhibiting properties of elemental atoms, termed 'superatoms'.
  • Previous superatom research primarily focused on non-magnetic systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a framework for creating magnetic superatoms.
  • To explore systems combining localized and delocalized electronic states for magnetic stability.
  • To demonstrate potential applications in molecular electronics.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical framework development for magnetic superatoms.
  • Investigation of electronic structures in specific cluster examples (VCs(8) and MnAu(24)(SH)(18)).
  • Analysis of factors stabilizing magnetic moments and electronic shells.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that localized electrons stabilize magnetic moments within superatoms.
  • Identified isolated VCs(8) and ligated MnAu(24)(SH)(18) as magnetic superatoms.
  • Showcased the potential for tunable coupling in magnetic superatom assemblies via charging or fields.

Conclusions:

  • Magnetic superatoms can be realized by combining localized and delocalized electronic states.
  • These magnetic superatoms exhibit unique properties with potential for molecular electronic applications.
  • The tunability of magnetic superatom assemblies opens avenues for novel device functionalities.