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Ferromagnetism01:31

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Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
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Properties of Transition Metals

Transition metals are defined as those elements that have partially filled d orbitals. As shown in Figure 1, the d-block elements in groups 3–12 are transition elements. The f-block elements, also called inner transition metals (the lanthanides and actinides), also meet this criterion because the d orbital is partially occupied before the f orbitals.
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Colors and Magnetism

Color in Coordination Complexes
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Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

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Spin transition in a four-coordinate iron oxide.

T Kawakami1, Y Tsujimoto, H Kageyama

  • 1Institute of Quantum Science, Nihon University, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-8308, Japan.

Nature Chemistry
|March 8, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Researchers discovered a new spin transition in strontium iron(II) oxide (SrFe(II)O(2)) under pressure. This square-planar material shifts from high spin to intermediate spin, creating novel magnetic and electric properties.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Solid-State Physics
  • Chemistry

Background:

  • Spin transition phenomena are well-documented in six-coordinate 3d(4)-3d(7) metals, typically in octahedral coordination.
  • Five-coordinate metal centers exhibiting spin transitions are exceptionally rare in scientific literature.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate spin transition behavior in a four-fold square-planar coordinated metal center.
  • To explore the magnetic and electronic properties of strontium iron(II) oxide (SrFe(II)O(2)) under pressure.

Main Methods:

  • High-pressure experimental techniques were employed to study SrFe(II)O(2).
  • Magnetic and electronic state transitions were analyzed under varying pressure conditions.

Main Results:

  • Strontium iron(II) oxide (SrFe(II)O(2)) undergoes a spin transition from high spin (S = 2) to intermediate spin (S = 1) under pressure.
  • This transition is coupled with a change from an antiferromagnetic insulating state to a ferromagnetic half-metallic state.
  • The half-metallic state involves the filling of only half of the spin-down d(xz),d(yz) states.

Conclusions:

  • Square-planar coordinated iron oxides represent a novel class of materials with significant magnetic and electric properties.
  • The pressure-induced spin transition in SrFe(II)O(2) opens new avenues for designing advanced functional materials.