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Related Concept Videos

Apoptosis01:30

Apoptosis

Apoptosis is a combination of two Greek words, 'apo' and 'ptosis,' meaning separation and falling off, respectively. Hippocrates used this word to describe gangrene, which was caused due to bandaging of fractured bones. Apoptosis was distinguished from necrosis in 1970 when John Kerr reported observations of morphological changes occurring during apoptosis. During one experiment, he observed that the disruption of blood supply to the liver tissue resulted in a size reduction of the tissue.
The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway01:31

The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway

Internal cellular stress, such as cellular injury or hypoxia, triggers intrinsic apoptosis. The B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family of proteins are the primary regulators of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. For example, during DNA damage, checkpoint proteins, such as Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM protein) and Checkpoints Factor-2 (Chk2) proteins, are activated. These proteins phosphorylate p53 which further activates pro-apoptotic proteins, such as Bax, Bak, PUMA, and Noxa, and inhibits...
The Extrinsic Apoptotic Pathway01:17

The Extrinsic Apoptotic Pathway

The extrinsic apoptotic pathway is initiated when extracellular death-inducing signals, such as specific cytokines, activate the death receptors expressed on the cell surface. The immune cells involved in this pathway are natural killer cells (NK cells) and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes. NK cells are critical in innate immune response, while cytotoxic T-lymphocytes are associated with adaptive immune response. These cells recognize specific receptors expressed on the altered cells and activate...
Overview of DNA Repair02:25

Overview of DNA Repair

In order to be passed through generations, genomic DNA must be undamaged and error-free. However, every day, DNA in a cell undergoes several thousand to a million damaging events by natural causes and external factors. Ionizing radiation such as UV rays, free radicals produced during cellular respiration, and hydrolytic damage from metabolic reactions can alter the structure of DNA. Damages caused include single-base alteration, base dimerization, chain breaks, and cross-linkage.
Chemically...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Detection and Isolation of Apoptotic Bodies to High Purity
12:17

Detection and Isolation of Apoptotic Bodies to High Purity

Published on: August 12, 2018

Apoptosis detection by DNA analysis.

P D Allen1, A C Newland

  • 1Department of Haematology, London Medical College, London, UK.

Methods in Molecular Medicine
|March 8, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Apoptosis, a programmed cell death process, is crucial for tissue balance. Understanding its role and regulation is key to developing effective cancer therapies that target tumor cell death.

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Flow Cytometric Analysis of Apoptotic Biomarkers in Actinomycin D-Treated SiHa Cervical Cancer Cells

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Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Detection and Isolation of Apoptotic Bodies to High Purity
12:17

Detection and Isolation of Apoptotic Bodies to High Purity

Published on: August 12, 2018

Modified Annexin V/Propidium Iodide Apoptosis Assay For Accurate Assessment of Cell Death
07:34

Modified Annexin V/Propidium Iodide Apoptosis Assay For Accurate Assessment of Cell Death

Published on: April 24, 2011

Flow Cytometric Analysis of Apoptotic Biomarkers in Actinomycin D-Treated SiHa Cervical Cancer Cells
13:53

Flow Cytometric Analysis of Apoptotic Biomarkers in Actinomycin D-Treated SiHa Cervical Cancer Cells

Published on: August 26, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Apoptosis is a regulated process of programmed cell death essential for tissue homeostasis.
  • Characterized by cell shrinkage and formation of apoptotic bodies, it ensures inflammation-free cell removal.
  • Key genes like c-myc, bcl-2, and p53 regulate apoptosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of apoptosis in tumorogenesis.
  • To investigate apoptosis as a potential target for cancer therapy.
  • To understand the link between tumor resistance and defects in the apoptotic pathway.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on apoptosis and cancer.
  • Analysis of the role of proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in apoptosis.
  • Examination of how cancer therapies induce apoptosis.

Main Results:

  • Apoptosis plays a critical role in preventing uncontrolled cell proliferation.
  • Defects in apoptotic pathways can lead to tumor development and resistance to therapy.
  • Radiotherapy, hormone therapy, and chemotherapy induce cell death via apoptosis.

Conclusions:

  • Apoptosis is a vital mechanism for maintaining tissue homeostasis.
  • Targeting apoptosis presents a promising strategy for cancer treatment.
  • Understanding apoptotic pathway blockades is crucial for overcoming therapeutic resistance.