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Studies on contact dermatitis in stomatological staff
N Berova1, L Stransky, M Krasteva
1Research Institut of Dermatology and Venerology, Sofia.
Dermatologische Monatschrift
|January 1, 1990
Summary
Occupational contact dermatitis is common in dental professionals, with irritant reactions more prevalent than allergic ones. Common culprits include acrylics, disinfectants, and mercury compounds.
Area of Science:
- Occupational Dermatology
- Allergic Contact Dermatitis
- Irritant Contact Dermatitis
Background:
- Contact dermatitis is a significant occupational health concern within the dental field.
- Dental professionals are exposed to various potential allergens and irritants in their daily practice.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the prevalence and causes of contact dermatitis among dental professionals.
- To identify specific allergens and irritants responsible for occupational contact dermatitis in this group.
Main Methods:
- A study involving 84 dental professionals (dentists, dental nurses, dental technicians) with contact dermatitis.
- Patch testing with standard series and professional allergens was performed.
Main Results:
- 36.9% of patients had allergic occupational contact dermatitis, while 46.2% had irritant contact dermatitis.
- Dental surgeons showed the highest prevalence of irritant contact dermatitis.
- Atopic individuals were twice as common in the irritant contact dermatitis group compared to the allergic group.
- Frequently identified allergens included acrylic compounds, disinfectants (eugenol, thymol, trioxymethylene), mercury compounds, and anesthetics.
Conclusions:
- Contact dermatitis, both irritant and allergic, is a considerable occupational hazard in dentistry.
- Identifying specific triggers like acrylics and disinfectants is crucial for prevention and management.
- The higher incidence of irritant contact dermatitis and atopy in dental surgeons warrants further investigation and targeted preventive strategies.