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Isoprene and acetone concentration profiles during exercise on an ergometer.

J King¹, A Kupferthaler, K Unterkofler

¹Department of Operative Medicine, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstr. 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. Breath Research Unit of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Dammstr. 22, A-6850 Dornbirn, Austria. Vorarlberg University of Applied Sciences, Hochschulstr. 1, A-6850 Dornbirn, Austria.

Journal of Breath Research

|March 9, 2011

Summary

This study presents a new real-time system for measuring exhaled breath volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during exercise. The system links breath analysis with physiological data, showing breath isoprene levels rapidly increase with exercise due to gas exchange changes.

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Determining the Contribution of the Energy Systems During Exercise

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Published on: March 20, 2012

Area of Science:

Physiological Measurement
Analytical Chemistry
Respiratory Physiology

Background:

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath offer insights into physiological processes.
Previous studies have shown dynamic responses of VOCs like isoprene and acetone during exercise.
Understanding the kinetics of VOCs requires simultaneous measurement of respiratory parameters.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a real-time system for simultaneous measurement of exhaled breath VOCs and physiological data.
To investigate the dynamic changes in breath isoprene and acetone concentrations during exercise.
To explore the relationship between VOC exhalation kinetics and physiological factors like ventilation and perfusion.

Main Methods:

A real-time recording setup combining proton transfer reaction-mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) for VOC analysis with hemodynamic and respiratory monitoring.
Implementation of continuous automatic sampling of end-tidal exhaled breath using a flow-controlled shutter mechanism.
Acquisition of breath concentration profiles for isoprene and acetone during various exercise intensities.

Main Results:

The system successfully captured dynamic changes in breath isoprene and acetone during exercise.
Breath isoprene concentration increased significantly (3-4 fold) within 1 minute of exercise onset.
Molar flow of isoprene showed a pronounced increase (approx. 11 fold) due to elevated ventilation during exercise.
Hydrophilic acetone exhibited more stable breath concentrations compared to lipophilic isoprene.

Conclusions:

The developed setup enables real-time capture of non-polar VOC dynamics and associated physiological factors.
Short-term changes in breath isoprene levels during exercise are likely driven by pulmonary gas exchange alterations.
The findings support the hypothesis that gas exchange patterns, rather than endogenous synthesis, primarily influence breath isoprene dynamics in the short term.