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Related Concept Videos

Catenins01:23

Catenins

Catenins are characterized by multiple binding domains and dynamic structures that allow them to function as linker proteins in cell junction complexes. All catenins, except α-catenin, contain a characteristic protein sequence called the armadillo repeat and are therefore also called armadillo proteins.
Catenins in Cell Junctions
Catenins bind to cell adhesion molecules such as cadherins and link them to different cytoskeletal proteins depending on the type of cell junction. At the adherens...
Coat Assembly and GTPases01:33

Coat Assembly and GTPases

Vesicles incorporate different coat protein subunits in different cell locations, which changes the properties of the coat, such as the shape and geometry of the transport vesicles. Thus, vesicle coat proteins also play a significant role in cargo selection.
Coat assembly depends on the local availability of phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs and GTP-binding proteins. Adaptor proteins, which link the coat proteins to the membrane, bind to these PIPs and play a crucial role in controlling...
Vesicular Tubular Clusters01:45

Vesicular Tubular Clusters

After budding out from the ER membrane, some COPII vesicles lose their coat and fuse with one another to form larger vesicles and interconnected tubules called vesicular tubular clusters or VTCs. These clusters constitute a compartment at the ER-Golgi interface known as ERGIC (Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi Intermediate Compartment). The ERGIC is a mobile membrane-bound cargo transport system that sorts proteins secreted from ER and delivers them to the Golgi.
With the help of motor proteins such...
COP Coated Vesicles00:59

COP Coated Vesicles

Membrane-enclosed structures called vesicles transport proteins and lipids across the cell. The vesicles derive their cargo from the plasma membrane, Golgi, ER, or endosome. Coated vesicles are spherical, protein-coated carriers with a 50–100 nm diameter that mediate bidirectional transport between the ER and the Golgi. The distribution of proteins between the ER and Golgi complex is dynamic and is maintained by different coated vesicles. Their formation is driven by the assembly of different...
Assembly of Complex Microtubule Structures01:32

Assembly of Complex Microtubule Structures

Complex microtubule structures are present in resting cells and in dividing cells. In resting cells, they are responsible for maintaining the cellular architecture, tracks for intracellular transport, positioning of organelles, assembly of cilia and flagella. They mediate the bipolar spindle assembly for chromosomal segregation and positioning of the cell division plate in dividing cells. The formation of microtubule complex structures depends on the cell type, cell stage, and cell function.
Automatic Processing and Automatic Social Behavior01:28

Automatic Processing and Automatic Social Behavior

Automatic processing refers to the cognitive operations that occur without conscious intent or awareness, playing a fundamental role in shaping social cognition and behavior. These processes enable individuals to navigate complex social environments efficiently by relying on mental shortcuts and pre-existing knowledge structures known as schemas. One of the most influential mechanisms underlying automatic processing is priming, which subtly activates mental representations through exposure to...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Fractionation of Lignocellulosic Biomass using the OrganoCat Process
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Fractionation of Lignocellulosic Biomass using the OrganoCat Process

Published on: June 5, 2021

Paper 1: The EUROCAT network--organization and processes.

Patricia A Boyd1, Martin Haeusler, Ingeborg Barisic

  • 1National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.

Birth Defects Research. Part A, Clinical and Molecular Teratology
|March 9, 2011
PubMed
Summary

The European Surveillance of Congenital Anomalies (EUROCAT) network monitors over 1.7 million births annually across Europe. It tracks major congenital and chromosomal anomalies, providing vital data for public health and clinical decisions.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • The European Surveillance of Congenital Anomalies (EUROCAT) is a long-standing EU-funded network of population-based registries.
  • It has operated for over 30 years, surveying more than 1.7 million births annually, representing 31% of EU births.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the history, methodology, and current work of EUROCAT.
  • To provide an overview of data collection, management, and surveillance activities for congenital anomalies.
  • To highlight the utility of EUROCAT data for clinicians, public health managers, and patients.

Main Methods:

  • Data collection from multiple sources on major structural and chromosomal anomalies.
  • Database content management, coding, and classification of anomalies.
  • Statistical monitoring and surveillance, including working groups for research on prenatal diagnosis, medication, folic acid, and exposures.

Main Results:

  • EUROCAT currently surveys over 1.7 million births per year, encompassing most European population-based registries.
  • The network collects data on all major structural and chromosomal anomalies.
  • The EUROCAT website provides current prevalence and prenatal detection rates.

Conclusions:

  • EUROCAT is a comprehensive network for monitoring congenital anomalies across Europe.
  • Its surveillance activities support primary prevention and prenatal screening efforts.
  • EUROCAT data is a valuable resource for improving clinical care and public health management related to congenital anomalies.