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Accurate analysis of complex samples often requires advanced preparation techniques to achieve reliable and reproducible results. Samples containing inorganic or organic materials can be challenging to dissolve or decompose effectively. Standard sample preparation methods include acid digestion, fusion, dry ashing, and wet digestion.
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Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Preparation of Biomass-based Mesoporous Carbon with Higher Nitrogen-/Oxygen-chelating Adsorption for Cu(II) Through Microwave Pre-Pyrolysis

Preparation of Biomass-based Mesoporous Carbon with Higher Nitrogen-/Oxygen-chelating Adsorption for Cu(II) Through Microwave Pre-Pyrolysis

Published on: February 12, 2019

SO2 and NOx removal by microwave and electron beam processing.

Daniel Ighigeanu¹, Ioan Calinescu, Diana Martin

¹National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Bucharest, Romania. daniel.ighigeanu@inflpr.ro

The Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy : a Publication of the International Microwave Power Institute

|March 10, 2011

Summary

This study introduces a new method for removing sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) using combined microwave (MW) and electron beam (EB) irradiation. The novel approach achieves near 100% SO2 removal and up to 95% NOx removal efficiency.

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Area of Science:

Environmental Science
Chemical Engineering
Plasma Physics

Background:

Industrial processes release significant amounts of SO2 and NOx, contributing to air pollution and acid rain.
Effective and simultaneous removal of these pollutants is crucial for environmental protection.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and evaluate a semi-pilot scale installation (SPSI) for simultaneous SO2 and NOx removal.
To investigate the efficacy of separate and combined microwave (MW) and electron beam (EB) irradiation for pollutant removal.

Main Methods:

Utilized an SPSI featuring a gaseous mixture preparation system, MW source (2.45 GHz, 4.2 kW), and EB source (1.8 MeV, 10.8 kW).
Employed a multimode rectangular cavity (MRC) as the reaction chamber for MW and EB field application.
Optimized parameters including water/ammonia concentration, temperature, and power levels for MW and EB irradiation.

Main Results:

Microwave (MW) processing achieved up to 95% SO2 removal and 55% NOx removal.
Combined MW and electron beam (EB) irradiation significantly enhanced NOx removal to up to 95%.
Combined MW and EB processing achieved near 100% SO2 removal efficiency.

Conclusions:

The developed SPSI effectively removes SO2 and NOx simultaneously using combined MW and EB irradiation.
Combined MW and EB irradiation offers a highly efficient method for flue gas treatment, surpassing MW-only processing for NOx removal.