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Related Concept Videos

Impression Management Techniques III: Aligning Actions01:29

Impression Management Techniques III: Aligning Actions

Aligning actions are communicative strategies individuals employ to maintain social harmony and preserve personal identity in the face of potential disruptions to social norms. These actions are particularly important in managing social impressions when one's behavior might be seen as inappropriate, incompetent, or morally questionable.Types of Aligning ActionsThe three principal types of aligning actions are disclaimers, accounts, and apologies.DisclaimersDisclaimers are preventive; they are...
Types of Errors: Detection and Minimization01:12

Types of Errors: Detection and Minimization

Error is the deviation of the obtained result from the true, expected value or the estimated central value. Errors are expressed in absolute or relative terms.
Absolute error in a measurement is the numerical difference from the true or central value. Relative error is the ratio between absolute error and the true or central value, expressed as a percentage.
Errors can be classified by source, magnitude, and sign. There are three types of errors: systematic, random, and gross.
Systematic or...
Fundamental Attribution Error01:14

Fundamental Attribution Error

According to some social psychologists, people tend to overemphasize internal factors as explanations—or attributions—for the behavior of other people. They tend to assume that the behavior of another person is a trait of that person, and to underestimate the power of the situation on the behavior of others. They tend to fail to recognize when the behavior of another is due to situational variables, and thus to the person’s state. This erroneous assumption is called the fundamental attribution...
Causes of Social Behavior II: Cognitive Processes01:15

Causes of Social Behavior II: Cognitive Processes

Cognitive processes affect social behavior by guiding how individuals perceive, interpret, and respond to social stimuli. These mental processes enable individuals to assess others' behaviors, attribute causes to their actions, and form expectations based on past experiences.Causes of Behavior and Social JudgmentsIndividuals determine the causes of others' behaviors by distinguishing between personal traits and external circumstances. For example, if a friend frequently arrives late, an...
Hindsight Biases01:12

Hindsight Biases

Hindsight bias leads you to believe that the event you just experienced was predictable, even though it really wasn’t. In other words, you knew all along that things would turn out the way they did. Can you relate this to the phrase "Hindsight is 20/20" now?
Exceptions to the Octet Rule02:55

Exceptions to the Octet Rule

Many covalent molecules have central atoms that do not have eight electrons in their Lewis structures. These molecules fall into three categories:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

The Modified Temptation Resistance Task: A Paradigm to Elicit Children's Strategic Lie-telling
06:51

The Modified Temptation Resistance Task: A Paradigm to Elicit Children's Strategic Lie-telling

Published on: April 6, 2018

Excuses.

Saxby Pridmore1, Elizabeth Walker

  • 1University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia. s.pridmore@utas.edu.au

Australasian Psychiatry : Bulletin of Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists
|March 10, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Excuses are reasons given to avoid tasks or blame. Societal acceptance of excuses depends on perceived effort, with practices like psychoanalysis and meditation potentially reducing excuse-making.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

The Modified Temptation Resistance Task: A Paradigm to Elicit Children's Strategic Lie-telling
06:51

The Modified Temptation Resistance Task: A Paradigm to Elicit Children's Strategic Lie-telling

Published on: April 6, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Excuses are commonly made but often condemned.
  • Understanding the societal function of excuses is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the fundamental nature and societal role of excuses.
  • To explore factors influencing the acceptance of excuses.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual analysis of excuse-making behavior.
  • Societal assessment framework for excuse validity.

Main Results:

  • An excuse is defined as a justification for exemption from responsibility.
  • Societal acceptance hinges on evaluating the applicant's exerted effort.

Conclusions:

  • Excuse-making is socially regulated and context-dependent.
  • Practices such as psychoanalysis and meditation may reduce excuse frequency and increase acceptance.