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Related Concept Videos

Protein and Protein Structure02:15

Protein and Protein Structure

Proteins are one of the most abundant organic molecules in living systems and have the most diverse range of functions of all macromolecules. Proteins may be structural, regulatory, contractile, or protective. They may serve in transport, storage, or membranes; or they may be toxins or enzymes. Their structures, like their functions, vary greatly. They are all, however, amino acid polymers arranged in a linear sequence.
A protein's shape is critical to its function. For example, an enzyme can...
Protein Folding01:22

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Protein Folding01:22

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Protein Folding01:25

Protein Folding

Proteins are chains of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds. Upon synthesis, a protein folds into a three-dimensional conformation, critical to its biological function. Interactions between its constituent amino acids guide protein folding, and hence the protein structure is primarily dependent on its amino acid sequence.
Protein Structure Is Critical to Its Biological Function
Proteins perform a wide range of biological functions such as catalyzing chemical reactions, providing...
Protein and Protein Structures02:15

Protein and Protein Structures

Proteins are one of the most abundant organic molecules in living systems and have the most diverse range of functions of all macromolecules. Proteins may be structural, regulatory, contractile, or protective. They may serve in transport, storage, or membranes; or they may be toxins or enzymes. Their structures, like their functions, vary greatly. They are all, however, amino acid polymers arranged in a linear sequence.
A protein's shape is critical to its function. For example, an enzyme can...
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Investigating Protein Sequence-structure-dynamics Relationships with Bio3D-web
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Published on: July 16, 2017

Protein structures, folds and fold spaces.

Michael I Sadowski1, William R Taylor

  • 1Division of Mathematical Biology, MRC National Institute for Medical Research, The Ridgeway, Mill Hill, London NW7 1AA, UK.

Journal of Physics. Condensed Matter : an Institute of Physics Journal
|March 10, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Protein structure determination has revealed most natural folds, suggesting few new protein structures remain. This necessitates re-evaluating traditional classifications and their evolutionary implications.

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Area of Science:

  • Structural biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Evolutionary biology

Background:

  • Significant advancements in protein structure determination have been made.
  • The rate of discovering novel protein folds has slowed considerably.
  • Current knowledge suggests most naturally occurring protein folds have been identified.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of the protein tertiary structure space.
  • To critically examine traditional fold-based classifications.
  • To discuss the evolutionary implications of protein structural diversity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on protein structure determination and classification.
  • Analysis of trends in protein fold discovery.
  • Discussion of theoretical frameworks for protein structure and evolution.

Main Results:

  • A plateau in the discovery of novel protein folds has been reached.
  • The majority of natural protein structural types are likely already known.
  • Traditional classifications face challenges in reflecting evolutionary relationships.

Conclusions:

  • The field is approaching saturation in terms of discovering unique protein folds.
  • Re-evaluation of protein classification systems is needed.
  • Understanding protein evolution requires integrating structural and sequence data more effectively.