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Related Concept Videos

Phase Diagrams of Ternary Systems01:28

Phase Diagrams of Ternary Systems

Consider a ternary system, which is composed of three components: water (W), ethanoic acid (E), and trichloromethane (T). Here, Ethanoic acid (E) is fully miscible with both water (W) and trichloromethane (T), meaning it can mix entirely with either of them. However, water and trichloromethane have partial miscibility, meaning they can only mix to a certain extent, beyond which two separate phases will form.The phase diagram of a ternary system is represented as an equilateral triangle, where...
Phase Diagram01:19

Phase Diagram

The phase of a given substance depends on the pressure and temperature. Thus, plots of pressure versus temperature showing the phase in each region provide considerable insights into the thermal properties of substances. Such plots are known as phase diagrams. For instance, in the phase diagram for water (Figure 1), the solid curve boundaries between the phases indicate phase transitions (i.e., temperatures and pressures at which the phases coexist).
Phase Diagram01:24

Phase Diagram

A phase diagram is a graphical representation of the physical states of a substance under different conditions of temperature and pressure. It shows the boundaries between solid, liquid, and gas phases and the conditions at which these phases coexist in equilibrium. An area in a phase diagram represents a single phase, whereas lines or phase boundaries represent the equilibrium between two phases.In the phase diagram of water, the boundary line between the solid and liquid states illustrates...
Phase Diagrams02:39

Phase Diagrams

A phase diagram combines plots of pressure versus temperature for the liquid-gas, solid-liquid, and solid-gas phase-transition equilibria of a substance. These diagrams indicate the physical states that exist under specific conditions of pressure and temperature and also provide the pressure dependence of the phase-transition temperatures (melting points, sublimation points, boiling points). Regions or areas labeled solid, liquid, and gas represent single phases, while lines or curves represent...
Solid–Solid Solutions01:24

Solid–Solid Solutions

The temperature-composition phase diagram of two solids, A and B, which are immiscible in the solid phase but form miscible liquids, shows that when the temperature is low, these two exist as separate, pure solids (A and B). As the temperature increases, they transition into a single-phase liquid solution where A and B coexist. Moving from point a1 to a2 in the phase diagram, the composition changes such that solid B begins to separate from the solution, enriching the remaining liquid with A.
Phase Transitions: Sublimation and Deposition02:33

Phase Transitions: Sublimation and Deposition

Some solids can transition directly into the gaseous state, bypassing the liquid state, via a process known as sublimation. At room temperature and standard pressure, a piece of dry ice (solid CO2) sublimes, appearing to gradually disappear without ever forming any liquid. Snow and ice sublimate at temperatures below the melting point of water, a slow process that may be accelerated by winds and the reduced atmospheric pressures at high altitudes. When solid iodine is warmed, the solid sublimes...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Metal-silicate Partitioning at High Pressure and Temperature: Experimental Methods and a Protocol to Suppress Highly Siderophile Element Inclusions
11:50

Metal-silicate Partitioning at High Pressure and Temperature: Experimental Methods and a Protocol to Suppress Highly Siderophile Element Inclusions

Published on: June 13, 2015

A gold-silicon potential fitted to the binary phase diagram.

Seunghwa Ryu1, Wei Cai

  • 1Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

Journal of Physics. Condensed Matter : an Institute of Physics Journal
|March 10, 2011
PubMed
Summary

We created a new model for gold-silicon interactions, accurately predicting its phase diagram. This model aids simulations of silicon nanowire growth, crucial for nanotechnology applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Computational Chemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Accurate modeling of binary systems is essential for predicting material properties and guiding experimental synthesis.
  • The gold-silicon system is technologically relevant, particularly in the context of semiconductor manufacturing and nanotechnology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a reliable empirical interatomic potential model for the gold-silicon binary system.
  • To validate the model against the experimentally determined phase diagram.
  • To provide a tool for atomistic simulations in relevant applications.

Main Methods:

  • The modified embedded-atom-method (MEAM) formalism was employed to construct the interatomic potential.
  • Efficient free energy methods were utilized to compute the binary phase diagram.
  • The model parameters were fitted to match experimental data for the gold-silicon phase diagram.

Main Results:

  • The developed MEAM potential accurately reproduces the gold-silicon binary phase diagram.
  • The calculated eutectic temperature and composition closely align with experimental values.
  • The model demonstrates high fidelity in representing the interactions within the gold-silicon system.

Conclusions:

  • The empirical interatomic potential model for gold-silicon is validated and suitable for atomistic simulations.
  • This model is expected to be a valuable resource for studying gold-catalyzed growth of silicon nanowires.
  • The approach provides a framework for developing similar potentials for other binary systems.