Characterization of the molecular biologic milieu of idiopathic orbital inflammation

To identify the cytokines that are expressed in elevated concentrations in idiopathic orbital inflammation (IOI).

Experimental study.

Biopsy specimens from 8 patients with biopsy-proven IOI and negative serologic and radiographic examinations, versus orbital biopsy samples taken from 8 control patients without clinical evidence or subjective complaint of orbital inflammation.

Quantitative cytokine assays were performed to assess the levels of 9 different molecules for IOI and control patients. Statistical analyses were performed to compare the cytokine concentrations between the 2 groups.

Cytokine concentrations.

Six cytokines were statistically significantly elevated in IOI (interleukin-2, -8, -10, -12, gamma interferon, and tumor necrosis factor alpha) (p < 0.05). Gamma interferon and interleukin-12 were expressed at concentrations greater than 10 times higher in patients with IOI.

IOI involves discrete elevations of specific cytokines, and individual molecules are clearly implicated in the pathogenesis of this disease. Specifically, gamma interferon and interleukin-12 concentrations are markedly elevated in IOI. These cytokines represent novel therapeutic targets in the management of this inflammatory process. Agents that affect these molecules could be used as potential therapies to control this disease in a more effective fashion with fewer side effects.