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Related Concept Videos

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution01:00

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution

Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are not...
Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism

Geriatric patients show significant variation in how their bodies process medications, which can change how effective and safe treatments are. The liver is the primary organ where drug metabolism occurs, involving two main types of chemical reactions: phase I and II. Phase I metabolism is driven by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which includes key types such as CYP3A, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Research indicates that while aging doesn't notably alter the levels or activity of these enzymes, it...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption01:22

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption

As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...

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Related Experiment Videos

[Elderly patients].

Yasuhiko Hayashi1, Hiromichi Tamekiyo, Masaya Otsuka

  • 1Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Akanekai Tsuchiya General Hospital.

Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine
|March 11, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Elderly individuals, especially those over 75, face increasing cardiovascular disease and co-morbidities like cognitive decline. Careful consideration of patient background is crucial for vascular intervention decisions in this growing population.

Area of Science:

  • Geriatric medicine
  • Cardiovascular medicine
  • Vascular surgery

Context:

  • The global population of individuals aged 75 and older is rapidly expanding.
  • This demographic experiences a disproportionately high and increasing prevalence of vascular disease.
  • Elderly patients often present with multiple co-morbidities, including cognitive decline, complicating treatment decisions.

Purpose:

  • To emphasize the critical need for tailored decision-making regarding vascular interventions in elderly patients.
  • To highlight the importance of considering individual patient backgrounds and co-morbidities.
  • To advocate for a more judicious approach to vascular intervention strategies in older adults.

Summary:

  • Vascular disease significantly impacts the rapidly growing elderly population, particularly those aged 75 and above.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Co-morbidities such as cognitive decline are common in this age group, necessitating careful evaluation.
  • Vascular intervention strategies must be individualized, considering the unique health status and background of elderly patients.

    • Impact:

    • Promotes more personalized and effective vascular care for the aging population.
    • Encourages healthcare providers to adopt a nuanced approach to interventional procedures in older adults.
    • Aims to improve outcomes and quality of life for elderly patients with vascular conditions.