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[The review of acute risperidone poisoning]
Krzysztof Ciszowski1, Dorota Szpak, Jolanta Wilimowska
1Klinika Toksykologii i Chorób Srodowiskowych, Katedry Toksykologii Kliniczne i Srodowiskowej UJ CM w Krakowie. wt_poohatek@wp.pl
Przeglad Lekarski
|March 11, 2011
Summary
Risperidone poisoning can cause severe central nervous system and cardiovascular effects. Treatment is symptomatic, as no specific antidote exists for this atypical neuroleptic.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Toxicology
- Neuroscience
Context:
- Risperidone (RIS) is an atypical neuroleptic crucial for treating schizophrenia and psychoses.
- Its efficacy involves both the parent drug and its active metabolite, 9-hydroxyrisperidone (9-OH-RIS).
- CYP2D6 genetic polymorphism significantly influences RIS pharmacokinetics and metabolism.
Purpose:
- To detail the diverse receptor interactions of RIS leading to acute poisoning symptoms.
- To outline the primary clinical manifestations of acute RIS poisoning.
- To discuss the current treatment strategies and the role of blood concentration monitoring.
Summary:
- Acute risperidone poisoning presents with significant central nervous system and cardiovascular effects, including hypotension, seizures, and respiratory failure.
- Symptoms arise from interactions with multiple receptors: serotoninergic (5-HT2A, 5-HT7), dopaminergic (D2), adrenergic (alpha1, alpha2), and histamine (H1).
- Management is supportive and symptomatic, lacking a specific antidote, though blood concentration monitoring may aid in diagnosis and management.
Impact:
- Highlights the complex pharmacology and toxicology of risperidone.
- Emphasizes the need for symptomatic and supportive care in acute poisoning cases.
- Suggests further research into the correlation between risperidone blood levels and clinical outcomes.
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