[The relationship between bioelectrical activity and cerebral blood flow]

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Medical Imaging
• Clinical Neurology

Background:

• Neuronal activation is linked to increased cerebral blood flow.
• Neurovascular coupling research aims to understand this relationship.
• Understanding these mechanisms has significant clinical implications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze literature on the relationship between clinical events, bioelectrical activation, and cerebral blood flow changes.
• Focus on epileptic attacks, syncope, and migraine.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review of experimental and clinical studies.
• Inclusion of electroencephalography (EEG) and functional neuroimaging techniques.
• Methods include MRI, PET, SPECT, transcranial Doppler (TCD), and near-infrared spectrometry (NIRS).

Main Results:

• Vascular tests are crucial for presurgical evaluation in refractory epilepsy, aiding epileptogenic lesion localization.
• Hemodynamic findings correlate with video-EEG.
• Various imaging techniques (MRI, PET, SPECT) and ultrasound (TCD, NIRS) map blood flow changes during neuronal activity and clinical events.

Conclusions:

• Concurrent vascular and bioelectrical monitoring enhances understanding of attack pathomechanisms.
• These examinations are clinically significant for localizing epileptogenic lesions and diagnosing migraine with aura.