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Observations on avian intestinal spirochaetosis
R M Dwars1, H F Smit, F G Davelaar
1Department of Poultry Disease, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands.
The Veterinary Quarterly
|January 1, 1990
Summary
Avian intestinal spirochaetosis in poultry involves spirochaetes colonizing the gut lining and crypts. This study details the extensive mucosal invasion and subepithelial colonization by these bacteria in laying hens.
Area of Science:
- Poultry pathology
- Avian microbiology
- Gastrointestinal disease
Background:
- Intestinal spirochaetosis is a significant concern in poultry farming.
- Understanding the pathogenesis of avian intestinal spirochaetes is crucial for disease control.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the pathological effects and colonization patterns of avian intestinal spirochaetes in SPF-laying hens.
- To characterize the histological changes associated with intestinal spirochaetosis in poultry.
Main Methods:
- Inoculation of SPF-laying hens with a specific isolate of avian intestinal spirochaetes.
- Monitoring for clinical signs and fecal shedding of spirochaetes.
- Histological examination of caecal mucosa for spirochaete localization and tissue damage.
Main Results:
- Mild, persistent gastrointestinal disorder observed in inoculated hens.
- Spirochaetes were consistently detected in feces and caecal mucosa up to nine months post-inoculation.
- Histology revealed extensive colonization of mucosal surfaces and crypts, intra- and subepithelial invasion, and unique 'gaplike lesions' in the caecum.
- Significant epithelial erosion and desquamation were associated with heavy spirochaete infestation.
Conclusions:
- Avian intestinal spirochaetes actively colonize the mucosal surface and crypts of the laying hen caecum.
- These pathogens penetrate the intestinal epithelium, invading subepithelial compartments and causing significant tissue damage.
- The findings provide detailed insights into the pathogenesis of intestinal spirochaetosis in poultry.