Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 3, 2026
12:42
Stereological and Flow Cytometry Characterization of Leukocyte Subpopulations in Models of Transient or Permanent Cerebral Ischemia
Published on: December 28, 2014
Hematological disorders related cerebral infarctions are mostly multifocal
Ombeline Fagniez1, Gérard Tertian, Marie Dreyfus
1Departments of Neurology, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Bicêtre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, France.
Journal of the Neurological Sciences
|March 11, 2011
Summary
Hematological disorders (HD) are an uncommon cause of arterial ischemic stroke, affecting 2.2% of patients. Prompt identification of HD in stroke patients, especially those with multifocal infarcts, is crucial for tailored treatment.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Hematology
- Vascular Medicine
Background:
- Hematological disorders (HD) are implicated in approximately 1% of arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) cases.
- Previous research on HD-related AIS is limited to retrospective studies, case reports, or small patient series, often focusing on young individuals.
Purpose of the Study:
- To prospectively investigate the clinical and neuroradiological characteristics of ischemic stroke caused by hematological disorders.
- To determine the prevalence and specific types of HD associated with cerebral infarction in a consecutive stroke unit cohort.
Main Methods:
- Prospective enrollment of consecutive patients with MRI-confirmed acute arterial cerebral infarctions over a 32-month period.
- Exclusion of patients with co-existing identified stroke etiologies.
- Detailed etiological workup to identify hematological disorders as the sole cause of stroke.
Main Results:
- Hematological disorders were identified as the cause of cerebral infarction in 13 patients (2.2% of 590 AIS cases).
- The spectrum of HD included myeloproliferative disorders, multiple myeloma, lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, DIC, TTP, APS, and Factor V mutation.
- Patients with HD-related AIS showed a significantly higher prevalence of multiple acute infarcts in diverse vascular territories (53.8% vs. 7.8%, p<0.0001) compared to non-HD stroke patients.
Conclusions:
- A broad range of hematological diseases can precipitate cerebral infarction.
- Hematological disorders should be actively investigated in patients presenting with multifocal acute infarcts to guide specific therapeutic strategies.
Related Concept Videos
01:17Hemorrhagic Stroke l: Introduction
A hemorrhagic stroke is an acute neurological event that occurs when a weakened cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to accumulate within or around the brain. The sudden release of blood forms a focal hematoma that increases intracranial pressure, displaces neural tissue, and can obstruct cerebrospinal fluid pathways. These effects may be compounded by intraventricular extension of the hemorrhage, cerebral edema, or compression of adjacent structures, all of which contribute to...
01:29Hemorrhagic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology
A hemorrhagic stroke develops when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to escape into the surrounding brain tissue, as in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or into the subarachnoid space, as in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because the skull is a rigid compartment, the sudden presence of extravascular blood rapidly increases intracranial pressure and compresses adjacent neural structures, leading to immediate tissue injury and impaired cerebral perfusion.Mass Effect and Primary...
01:15Ischemic Stroke ll: Pathophysiology
An ischemic stroke occurs when a cerebral blood vessel becomes obstructed, most often by a thrombus or embolus, interrupting the delivery of oxygen and glucose to brain tissue. Because neurons rely on continuous aerobic metabolism, energy failure begins within minutes of reduced perfusion. The region receiving the least blood flow becomes the infarct core, an area of irreversible cellular death. Surrounding this core lies the penumbra, a zone of hypoperfused but still viable tissue that is...
01:29Stroke: Introduction and Types
A stroke is an acute neurological event caused by the sudden disruption of cerebral blood flow, leading to rapid loss of neuronal function. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief interruptions can cause irreversible injury within minutes. Strokes are classified into ischemic and hemorrhagic types.Ischemic StrokeIschemic strokes are most common and occur due to arterial occlusion, depriving brain tissue of oxygen and nutrients. This leads to energy failure, ionic...
01:15Ischemic Stroke l: Introduction
Ischemic stroke is an acute cerebrovascular condition in which blood flow to a brain region is suddenly interrupted, leading to tissue infarction. Neurons depend on continuous oxygen and glucose supply, so even brief reductions in perfusion cause energy failure, ionic imbalance, and irreversible injury. Ischemic strokes are classified into thrombotic and embolic types based on their underlying mechanisms.Thrombotic MechanismsThrombotic stroke develops when a clot forms within a cerebral artery.
01:22Cerebral Edema ll: Pathophysiology
Vasogenic edema is a major form of cerebral edema characterized by abnormal accumulation of fluid in the brain’s extracellular space due to disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). The BBB is a specialized structure composed of endothelial cells connected by tight junctions, supported by astrocytic endfeet and a basement membrane. Under normal conditions, it tightly regulates the movement of ions, proteins, and solutes between the bloodstream and brain parenchyma. When this barrier loses...