Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 3, 2026

12:57
Alternative In Vitro Methods for the Determination of Viral Capsid Structural Integrity
Published on: November 16, 2017
Studies of reversible capsid shell growth.
1Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel. rapaport@mail.biu.ac.il
Summary
Molecular dynamics simulations reveal that reversible assembly is crucial for the formation of polyhedral shells. This research models virus capsid growth, a complex process not yet fully understood at the submicroscopic level.
Area of Science:
- Computational biophysics
- Materials science
- Structural biology
Background:
- Virus capsid assembly is a complex biological process.
- Understanding submicroscopic self-assembly is critical for virology.
- The precise mechanisms of viral shell formation remain poorly understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To model the self-assembly of simple particles into polyhedral shells.
- To investigate the growth pathways and dynamics of shell formation.
- To provide insights into virus capsid assembly mechanisms.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing molecular dynamics simulations.
- Analyzing the growth histories of individual shells.
- Simulating particle assembly in an explicit solvent environment.
Main Results:
- Identified key events and dynamics along the assembly pathways.
- Demonstrated the significant role of reversibility in shell formation.
- Provided detailed analysis of structured particle self-assembly.
Conclusions:
- Reversibility is a fundamental principle in the self-assembly of polyhedral shells.
- The simulation approach offers a valuable tool for studying virus capsid formation.
- Further research can elucidate the intricacies of viral self-assembly at the molecular level.
Related Concept Videos
Viral Structure
Viruses are extraordinarily diverse in shape and size, but they all have several structural features in common. All viruses have a core that contains a DNA- or RNA-based genome. The core is surrounded by a protective coat of proteins called the capsid. The capsid is composed of subunits called capsomeres. The capsid and genome-containing core are together known as the nucleocapsid.
Inhibitors of Virion Maturation and Assembly
As part of their replication cycle, certain viruses synthesize long precursor proteins called polyproteins within infected host cells. In human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), two major polyproteins are produced: Gag and Gag-Pol. The Gag polyprotein supplies the structural components of the virus, while Gag-Pol includes essential viral enzymes such as reverse transcriptase, integrase, and protease. After synthesis, these polyproteins move to the host cell membrane, where they assemble into an...
Inhibitors Of Virion Release
Viral replication and dissemination rely on efficient mechanisms for host cell entry, genome replication, assembly, and release. Influenza viruses, such as types A and B, are negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses with a segmented genome, that depend on two critical surface glycoproteins to carry out these processes: hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). HA initiates infection by binding to sialic acid residues on the surface of host epithelial cells, facilitating receptor-mediated...
Pinching-off of Coated Vesicles
Vesicle budding is orchestrated by distinct cytosolic proteins such as adaptor proteins, coat proteins, and GTPases. To initiate vesicle budding, membrane-bending proteins containing crescent-shaped BAR domains bind to the lipid heads in the bilayer and distort the membrane to form a protein-coated vesicle bud. Adaptors proteins such as AP2 for clathrin-coated vesicles can nucleate on the deformed membrane. Finally, coat proteins such as clathrin or COPI and COPII assemble into a coat forming...
Size and Structure of Viral Genomes
Viral genomes exhibit remarkable diversity in size, structure, and composition, influencing their replication strategies and interactions with host cells. These genomes consist of either DNA or RNA and may be linear or circular. Additionally, they can be single-stranded or double-stranded, with each configuration affecting how the virus propagates within a host. RNA viruses, for instance, generally have smaller genomes than DNA viruses, a factor that contributes to their high mutation rates and...

