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Transgenic Organisms

Transgenic Organisms

Transgenic Plants

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Recombinant DNA technology called transgenesis is often used to add a foreign gene or remove a detrimental gene from an organism. Such genetically modified organisms are called transgenic organisms.
The first-ever transgenic plant was a tobacco plant developed in 1983 that showed resistance against the tobacco mosaic virus. Since then, many transgenic plants have been developed and commercialized for improving the agricultural, ornamental, and horticultural value of a crop plant. Transgenic...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Site-specific Bacterial Chromosome Engineering: ΦC31 Integrase Mediated Cassette Exchange (IMCE)

Site-specific Bacterial Chromosome Engineering: ΦC31 Integrase Mediated Cassette Exchange (IMCE)

Published on: March 16, 2012

A method for producing transgenic cells using a multi-integrase system on a human artificial chromosome vector.

Shigeyuki Yamaguchi¹, Yasuhiro Kazuki, Yuji Nakayama

¹Department of Biomedical Science, Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biofunction, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan.

|March 11, 2011

Summary

Site-specific recombinases, or integrases, efficiently integrate genes into mammalian cells using a novel multi-integrase HAC vector. This technology enables precise gene insertion and homogenous gene expression for biotechnology applications.

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Area of Science:

Biotechnology
Molecular Biology
Genetics

Background:

Precise gene insertion is crucial for gene therapy and transgenesis.
Site-specific recombinases like Cre, FLP, and ΦC31 offer efficient transgene integration.
Integrases from various phages have shown potential for mammalian cell recombination.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the activity of integrases on site-specific recombination and gene expression in mammalian cells.
To develop and test a multi-integrase human artificial chromosome (HAC) vector for efficient gene delivery.

Main Methods:

Designed a multi-integrase HAC vector with five recombination sites (ΦC31 attP, R4 attP, TP901-1 attP, Bxb1 attP, and FRT).
Utilized de novo mammalian codon-optimized integrases.
Assessed integrase activity and gene expression in mammalian cells.

Main Results:

Integrases demonstrated high site-specific recombination frequencies, ranging from 39.3% to 96.8%.
Homogenous gene expression was observed in 77.3% to 87.5% of colonies.
The multi-integrase HAC vector proved transferable to other cell lines, maintaining gene acceptance.

Conclusions:

Integrases exhibit high DNA recombination efficiencies in mammalian cells.
The multi-integrase HAC vector facilitates efficient production of transgene-expressing cells.
This vector serves as a valuable platform for creating stable cell lines for gene expression and other applications.