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Related Concept Videos

Labeling DNA Probes03:31

Labeling DNA Probes

DNA probes are fragments of DNA labeled with a reporter tag to enable their detection or purification. The resulting labeled DNA probes can then hybridize to target nucleic acid sequences through complementary base-pairing, and may be used to recover or identify these regions.
Radioisotopes, fluorophores, or small molecule binding partners like biotin or digoxigenin, are the most widely used reporter tags for labeling DNA probes. These labels can be attached to the probe DNA molecule via...
PCR01:32

PCR

Overview
Southern Blot02:57

Southern Blot

Agarose gel electrophoresis is very useful in separating DNA fragments by size. Running a DNA ladder containing fragments of the known length alongside the sample helps determine the approximate length of the sample DNA fragments. However, additional steps are needed to verify the sequence identity of the sample DNA fragments.
Denatured DNA fragments must be transferred onto a carrier membrane from the gel to make it accessible to a probe - a small ssDNA fragment complementary to the target DNA...
In-situ Hybridization02:31

In-situ Hybridization

In situ hybridization (ISH) is a technique used to detect and localize specific DNA or RNA molecules in cells, tissue, or tissue sections using a labeled probe. The technique was first used in 1969 for the investigation of nucleic acids. It is currently an essential tool in scientific research and clinical settings, especially for diagnostic purposes.
Types of probes and labels
A probe is a complementary strand of DNA or RNA that binds to corresponding nucleotide sequences in a cell. Many...
Real Time RT-PCR02:57

Real Time RT-PCR

Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, or Real-time RT-PCR, is an analytical tool used to determine the expression level of target genes. The method involves converting mRNA to complementary DNA with the help of an enzyme known as reverse transcriptase, followed by the PCR amplification of the cDNA. These two processes can be performed simultaneously in a single tube or separately as a two-step reaction.
The real-time quantification of the number of amplified products is...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Robust 3D DNA FISH Using Directly Labeled Probes
12:16

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Published on: August 15, 2013

Generation of labeled probes by PCR.

Y M Lo1, S F An

  • 1Department of Chemical Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR.

Methods in Molecular Medicine
|March 11, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nonisotopic nucleic acid probes offer a safer and more stable alternative to traditional radioisotope labels for molecular diagnostics. These advanced probes, utilizing labels like biotin, enhance diagnostic assay reliability and longevity.

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Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Biotechnology
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Nucleic acid probes are essential for molecular diagnosis.
  • Radioisotope labeling is common but poses hazards in clinical settings.
  • Radioisotopes have limited stability due to decay.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the shift towards nonisotopic labels in molecular diagnostics.
  • To present biotin and digoxigenin as viable alternatives to radioisotopes.
  • To emphasize the advantages of nonisotopic probe stability.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current practices in nucleic acid probe labeling.
  • Comparison of radioisotopic versus nonisotopic labeling strategies.
  • Evaluation of stability and safety profiles of different probe types.

Main Results:

  • Nonisotopic labels like biotin and digoxigenin are increasingly adopted.
  • Nonisotopic probes eliminate the hazards associated with radioisotopes.
  • Nonisotopic probes demonstrate superior long-term stability compared to isotopic probes.

Conclusions:

  • Nonisotopic nucleic acid probes represent a significant advancement in molecular diagnostics.
  • The adoption of nonisotopic labels improves safety and reliability in clinical laboratory techniques.
  • Enhanced probe stability ensures more consistent and durable diagnostic results.