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Related Concept Videos

Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
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Treatment Resistant Cancers

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
Treatment Resistent Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistent Cancers

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes01:05

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
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Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes01:05

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...

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Ovarian Cancer Gene Therapy with BRCA1-An Overview.

P S Obermiller1, J T Holt

  • 1Department of Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN.

Methods in Molecular Medicine
|March 11, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The BRCA1 tumor suppressor gene is frequently altered in hereditary and sporadic ovarian cancers. Alterations in BRCA1 may suppress ovarian tumors but not breast tumors, suggesting differential roles in cancer development.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • BRCA1 is a crucial tumor suppressor gene implicated in hereditary breast and ovarian cancers.
  • Mutations and loss of BRCA1 alleles occur in a significant percentage of sporadic ovarian cancers.
  • BRCA1 alterations are found qualitatively in hereditary cancers and quantitatively in sporadic cancers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of BRCA1 gene alterations in sporadic breast and ovarian cancers.
  • To explore the clinical differences between BRCA1-mutated and non-familial breast cancers.
  • To determine the impact of BRCA1 mutations on tumor suppression in breast versus ovarian tissues.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of BRCA1 gene mutations and mRNA expression in sporadic breast and ovarian cancer tissues.
  • Comparison of clinical presentation and cancer onset in patients with and without BRCA1 mutations.
  • Investigation of the functional consequences of truncated BRCA1 proteins.

Main Results:

  • At least one BRCA1 allele is lost or mutated in up to 70% of sporadic ovarian cancers.
  • Decreased BRCA1 mRNA expression is observed in sporadic breast cancers, suggesting quantitative alterations.
  • Families with 3' BRCA1 mutations develop early-onset breast cancer but not ovarian cancer.

Conclusions:

  • BRCA1 gene alterations are significant in both hereditary and sporadic ovarian cancers.
  • Truncated BRCA1 proteins may differentially affect tumor suppression in breast and ovarian tissues.
  • Understanding BRCA1's role is critical for diagnosing and treating breast and ovarian cancers.