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Related Concept Videos

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR): Overview01:07

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR): Overview

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a phenomenon exhibited by certain nuclei that can absorb characteristic radio frequency radiation under certain conditions. NMR has been extensively applied in molecular spectroscopy and medical diagnostic imaging. In both these applications, the molecule or subject under study is placed in a magnetic field and irradiated with radio frequency energy.
NMR spectroscopy generates a spectrum where the characteristic absorption frequencies of the sample are...
Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance01:05

Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance

The number of nuclear spins aligned in the lower energy state is slightly greater than those in the higher energy state. In the presence of an external magnetic field, as the spins precess at the Larmor frequency, the excess population results in a net magnetization oriented along the z axis. When a pulse or a short burst of radio waves at the Larmor frequency is applied along the x axis, the coupling of frequencies causes resonance and flips the nuclear spins of the excess population from the...
Applications Of NMR In Biology01:25

Applications Of NMR In Biology

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a very valuable analytical technique for researchers. It has been used for more than 50 years as an analytical tool. F. Bloch and E. Purcell formulated NMR in 1946 and won the 1952 Nobel Prize in Physics  for their work. Biological macromolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and organic molecules including pharmaceutical compounds, can be studied using this versatile tool that exploits the magnetic properties of certain nuclei.
The...
NMR Spectrometers: Resolution and Error Correction01:14

NMR Spectrometers: Resolution and Error Correction

When magnetic nuclei in a sample achieve resonance and undergo relaxation, the signal detected in NMR is an approximately exponential free induction decay. Fourier transform of an exponential decay yields a Lorentzian peak in the frequency domain. Lorentzian peaks in an NMR spectrum are defined by their amplitude, full width at half maximum, and position, where the peak width is governed by the spin-spin relaxation time alone. In real experiments, however, the applied magnetic field is rendered...
NMR Spectrometers: Overview01:20

NMR Spectrometers: Overview

NMR spectrometers consist of a strong magnet, a radiofrequency transmitter, and a detector attached to a computer console for recording spectra of samples containing NMR-active nuclei. In first-generation NMR instruments called continuous-wave spectrometers, the resonance frequencies of the nuclei are determined by frequency-sweep or field-sweep methods. The magnetic field strength is fixed and the rf signal is swept in the former, while the radiofrequency signal is fixed and the magnetic field...
Double Resonance Techniques: Overview01:12

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview

Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
Spin decoupling is usually achieved by...

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Updated: Jun 3, 2026

High-Temperature and High-Pressure In situ Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
08:55

High-Temperature and High-Pressure In situ Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Published on: October 9, 2020

Small-volume nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

Raluca M Fratila1, Aldrik H Velders

  • 1MIRA Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Technical Medicine, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands. r.m.fratila@tnw.utwente.nl

Annual Review of Analytical Chemistry (Palo Alto, Calif.)
|March 12, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Miniaturized coils significantly boost Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy sensitivity, enabling analysis of tiny samples. This review explores microcoil NMR applications for mass-limited sample analysis.

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Atomic Scale Structural Studies of Macromolecular Assemblies by Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
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Cryogenic Sample Loading into a Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometer that Preserves Cellular Viability
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Atomic Scale Structural Studies of Macromolecular Assemblies by Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
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Atomic Scale Structural Studies of Macromolecular Assemblies by Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Published on: September 17, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Spectroscopy
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy offers rich analytical data but suffers from low sensitivity.
  • This inherent insensitivity limits its use with mass- and volume-limited samples.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review methods for enhancing NMR sensitivity, focusing on miniaturized coils.
  • To discuss the application of microcoil NMR for analyzing mass-limited samples.

Main Methods:

  • Review of miniaturized coil geometries: solenoidal, planar, and microslot/stripline.
  • Comparison of coil performance for nanoliter sample volumes.
  • Overview of integrating microcoil NMR with separation techniques and lab-on-a-chip devices.

Main Results:

  • Miniaturized coils enable NMR analysis of nanoliter-scale samples by increasing sensitivity.
  • Different coil geometries are suitable for specific mass-limited sample analysis scenarios.
  • Hyphenation with separation techniques and integration with microfluidics expand microcoil NMR capabilities.

Conclusions:

  • Miniaturized coils are a key strategy to overcome NMR sensitivity limitations.
  • Microcoil NMR spectroscopy is a powerful tool for analyzing trace amounts of substances.
  • Integration with other technologies broadens the scope of microcoil NMR applications.