Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cranial Nerves: Overview and Anatomy01:19

Cranial Nerves: Overview and Anatomy

The cranial nerves are an important part of the complex network of nerves in the human body. These nerves emerge directly from the brain and are responsible for transmitting essential information between the brain and various parts of the head and neck. There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves, systematically numbered using Roman numerals from I to XII, beginning from the anterior and moving to the posterior of the brain. Each cranial nerve is uniquely identified by names that reflect its function...
Cranial Nerves: Types Part I01:14

Cranial Nerves: Types Part I

Cranial nerves are responsible for transmitting motor and sensory information between the brain and various parts of the body. There are twelve pairs of cranial nerves, with the first six being essential in sensory perception, motor control, and autonomic functions related to the head and neck.
Olfactory Nerve (Cranial Nerve I)
The olfactory nerve, or cranial nerve I, is unique as it is purely sensory and dedicated to the sense of smell. This nerve originates in the olfactory epithelium of the...
Cranial Nerves: Types Part II01:22

Cranial Nerves: Types Part II

Cranial nerves are responsible for transmitting motor and sensory information between the brain and various parts of the body. There are twelve pairs of cranial nerves. While the first six innervate the head and neck, the latter six nerves innervate the head and neck, as well as organs and tissues in the thoracic and abdominal cavities. They facilitate communication, expression, and autonomic control within the human body.
Facial Nerve (Cranial Nerve VII)
Cranial nerve VII, or the facial nerve,...
Imaging Studies I: CT and MRI01:14

Imaging Studies I: CT and MRI

Introduction: MRI and CT scans are crucial advancements in medical imaging techniques, playing a vital role in diagnosing conditions related to the gastrointestinal (GI) system. Each scan serves distinct purposes, targets specific areas, and requires unique nursing duties.
Description of the Procedures
Computed Tomography (CT) scan:
Computed Tomography (CT) scans use X-ray technology to generate detailed images of bones, organs, and tissues. During the scan, the patient lies on a moving table...
Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS).

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Canine Idiopathic Epilepsy as a Natural Animal Model for Human Epilepsy: A Scoping Review Highlighting Metabolic Perspectives Beyond the Brain.

Nutrients·2026
Same author

Epidemiological distribution of MRI-based presumptive imaging diagnoses in a large general population of cats with suspected epileptic seizures.

The Veterinary record·2026
Same author

Understanding error culture in veterinary medicine: a survey among veterinarians across German-speaking countries.

Frontiers in veterinary science·2026
Same author

Understanding Error Culture in Veterinary Medicine: A Survey Among Veterinary Support Staff Across German-Speaking Countries.

Veterinary sciences·2026
Same author

Exploring Cardiorespiratory Resilience and Mobility as Indicators of Physical Fitness Under Individualised Therapy Intervals in Obese Dogs.

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI·2026
Same author

Cerebrospinal fluid markers and magnetic resonance imaging lesion volume predicting relapse in canine meningoencephalitis of unknown origin.

Frontiers in veterinary science·2026
Same journal

Ultrasonographic Assessment of the Lungs in Asiatic Elephants (Elephas maximus).

Veterinary radiology & ultrasound : the official journal of the American College of Veterinary Radiology and the International Veterinary Radiology Association·2026
Same journal

The Addition of a 3D Balanced Steady-State Free Precession Pulse Sequence Improves Magnetic Resonance Imaging Identification of Certain Canine Cranial Nerves.

Veterinary radiology & ultrasound : the official journal of the American College of Veterinary Radiology and the International Veterinary Radiology Association·2026
Same journal

Computed Tomographic Features of a Histopathologically Confirmed Nasal Dermoid Sinus in a Dog.

Veterinary radiology & ultrasound : the official journal of the American College of Veterinary Radiology and the International Veterinary Radiology Association·2026
Same journal

Thoracic Duct Branch Identification Is Comparable Between T2-W 3D Fat-Suppressed Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Computed Tomography Lymphangiography in Normal Dogs.

Veterinary radiology & ultrasound : the official journal of the American College of Veterinary Radiology and the International Veterinary Radiology Association·2026
Same journal

Biliary Peritonitis Secondary to Proximal Duodenal Perforation in a Cat.

Veterinary radiology & ultrasound : the official journal of the American College of Veterinary Radiology and the International Veterinary Radiology Association·2026
Same journal

Quantitative Parameters of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography (CEUS) Monitoring Ovarian Hemodynamics in Rats.

Veterinary radiology & ultrasound : the official journal of the American College of Veterinary Radiology and the International Veterinary Radiology Association·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

In Vivo Morphometric Analysis of Human Cranial Nerves Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Menière's Disease Ears and Normal Hearing Ears
10:27

In Vivo Morphometric Analysis of Human Cranial Nerves Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Menière's Disease Ears and Normal Hearing Ears

Published on: February 21, 2018

Imaging the cranial nerves.

Andrew T Parry1, Holger A Volk

  • 1Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, UK. aparry@rvc.ac.uk

Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound : the Official Journal of the American College of Veterinary Radiology and the International Veterinary Radiology Association
|March 12, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Understanding normal canine cranial nerves (CN) is key for diagnosing neuropathies. This review covers CN anatomy, function, and imaging, with examples of lesions.

More Related Videos

State of the Art Cranial Ultrasound Imaging in Neonates
10:02

State of the Art Cranial Ultrasound Imaging in Neonates

Published on: February 2, 2015

Optic Nerve Sheath Point of Care Ultrasound: Image Acquisition
06:09

Optic Nerve Sheath Point of Care Ultrasound: Image Acquisition

Published on: August 18, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

In Vivo Morphometric Analysis of Human Cranial Nerves Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Menière's Disease Ears and Normal Hearing Ears
10:27

In Vivo Morphometric Analysis of Human Cranial Nerves Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Menière's Disease Ears and Normal Hearing Ears

Published on: February 21, 2018

State of the Art Cranial Ultrasound Imaging in Neonates
10:02

State of the Art Cranial Ultrasound Imaging in Neonates

Published on: February 2, 2015

Optic Nerve Sheath Point of Care Ultrasound: Image Acquisition
06:09

Optic Nerve Sheath Point of Care Ultrasound: Image Acquisition

Published on: August 18, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Neurology
  • Comparative Anatomy
  • Diagnostic Imaging

Background:

  • Accurate interpretation of cranial neuropathies requires knowledge of normal cranial nerve (CN) anatomy and course.
  • Computed X-ray tomography (CT) best visualizes CN foramina, while magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) excels at depicting the nerves themselves.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the anatomy and function of cranial nerves in dogs.
  • To illustrate selected examples of lesions affecting the cranial nerves in canine patients.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on canine cranial nerve anatomy and function.
  • Analysis of diagnostic imaging (CT and MRI) findings in dogs with cranial neuropathies.
  • Case study selection and illustration of representative lesions.

Main Results:

  • Detailed description of the anatomical course and functional roles of each cranial nerve in dogs.
  • Comparison of CT and MRI utility for visualizing cranial nerves and their surrounding structures.
  • Presentation of diverse cranial nerve pathologies with corresponding imaging examples.

Conclusions:

  • A thorough understanding of normal canine cranial nerve anatomy and imaging is crucial for diagnosing neuropathies.
  • MRI is the preferred modality for evaluating cranial nerve lesions due to its superior soft-tissue contrast.
  • This review provides a valuable resource for veterinary neurologists and radiologists interpreting canine cranial nerve imaging.