Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Detection and Genogrouping of Noroviruses from Children's Stools By Taqman One-step RT-PCR
15:16

Detection and Genogrouping of Noroviruses from Children's Stools By Taqman One-step RT-PCR

Published on: July 22, 2012

Rotavirus and norovirus infections in children in Sana'a, Yemen

Andrew Kirby1, Ali Al-Eryani, Najla Al-Sonboli

  • 1Department of Clinical Infection, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK. amk@liv.ac.uk

Tropical Medicine & International Health : TM & IH
|March 12, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Rotavirus and norovirus are common causes of acute gastroenteritis in children in Yemen. Rotavirus vaccines could significantly reduce childhood diarrhea in this region.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Viral Gastroenteritis Epidemiology
  • Public Health Microbiology

Background:

  • Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) is a major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality globally.
  • Understanding the etiological agents of AGE is crucial for effective prevention and control strategies.
  • Yemen faces significant public health challenges, necessitating localized epidemiological data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence and common genotypes of rotavirus and norovirus infections in children with AGE in Sana'a, Yemen.
  • To provide epidemiological data to inform public health interventions and vaccination strategies.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2007 to March 2009.
  • Children aged 1 month to 5 years presenting with AGE at two hospitals in Sana'a were enrolled.
  • Rotavirus and norovirus were detected using ELISA and RT-PCR, with genotyping performed via RT-PCR and nucleotide sequencing.

Main Results:

  • A total of 290 children were included in the study.
  • Rotavirus infection was detected in 27% (78/290) and norovirus in 10% (30/290) of children.
  • Predominant rotavirus genotypes were G1P[8] (55%) and G9P[8] (21%). The main norovirus genotype was GII.4 (27%).

Conclusions:

  • Rotavirus and norovirus are significant etiological agents of acute gastroenteritis in children in Sana'a, Yemen.
  • The identified rotavirus genotypes suggest potential efficacy of existing rotavirus vaccines.
  • Implementing rotavirus vaccination programs could substantially decrease the burden of childhood diarrhea in Yemen.
Abstract

More Related Videos

Swab Sampling Method for the Detection of Human Norovirus on Surfaces10:03

Swab Sampling Method for the Detection of Human Norovirus on Surfaces

Published on: February 6, 2017

Assays for the Specific Growth Rate and Cell-binding Ability of Rotavirus10:49

Assays for the Specific Growth Rate and Cell-binding Ability of Rotavirus

Published on: January 28, 2019

Related Concept Videos

Bacterial Gastroenteritis01:18

Bacterial Gastroenteritis

Bacterial gastroenteritis, characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting, is often caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water and is frequently associated with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. These microbes exploit two principal mechanisms to inflict disease.Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, also referred to as STEC—notably O157:H7—release Shiga toxins that target ribosomes, blocking protein synthesis. The B subunit of the toxin binds the host glycolipid receptor...
Cholera01:25

Cholera

Cholera is an acute gastrointestinal disease caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Vibrio cholerae. It is transmitted primarily via the fecal-oral route through the ingestion of contaminated water or food.Vibrio cholerae is a motile, Gram-negative bacterium of the family Vibrionaceae, primarily associated with waterborne outbreaks in areas with inadequate sanitation. Although over 200 serogroups of V. cholerae exist, only O1 and O139 are responsible for epidemic cholera. The O1 serogroup,...
Poliomyelitis01:17

Poliomyelitis

Poliomyelitis is caused by poliovirus, a small, non-enveloped, positive-sense RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family and Enterovirus genus. Transmission occurs primarily via the fecal-oral route, often through ingestion of contaminated water or food. The virus initially replicates in the oropharynx and intestinal mucosa, particularly in lymphoid tissues such as the tonsils, Peyer’s patches, and regional lymph nodes. Primary viremia follows, allowing dissemination throughout the body.In most...
Reservoir of Infection01:30

Reservoir of Infection

Infectious diseases arise from intricate interactions between pathogens and their reservoirs. A reservoir of infection refers to the natural habitat where a pathogen lives, grows, and multiplies, serving as a continual source of infection. Reservoirs are broadly classified as either living or nonliving, and each plays a unique role in disease transmission, significantly influencing public health interventions and control strategies.Humans act as reservoirs for a wide array of pathogens,...
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease01:29

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease

Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a widespread pathogen that primarily targets infants and young children but also poses a serious health risk to elderly and immunocompromised individuals. Belonging to the Pneumoviridae family, RSV is a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus within the Pneumovirus genus. Its global health burden is significant, with millions of cases annually resulting in hospitalizations and mortality, particularly in resource-limited settings. Although most...
Infectious Diseases and Their Occurrence01:28

Infectious Diseases and Their Occurrence

Infectious diseases appear in populations through various transmission patterns, influenced by pathogen characteristics, population immunity, environmental conditions, and social behavior. Understanding these patterns is essential for effective public health surveillance and intervention. These categories—sporadic, outbreak, epidemic, pandemic, and endemic—help frame the nature and scope of disease events.Sporadic diseases occur irregularly and infrequently, without a predictable temporal or...