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Updated: Jun 3, 2026

A Tuberculosis Molecular Bacterial Load Assay (TB-MBLA)

A Tuberculosis Molecular Bacterial Load Assay (TB-MBLA)

Published on: April 30, 2020

Discriminating between latent and active tuberculosis with multiple biomarker responses.

Marc Frahm¹, Neela D Goswami, Kouros Owzar

¹Center for AIDS Research, Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.

Tuberculosis (Edinburgh, Scotland)

|March 12, 2011

Summary

Biomarker responses, including Interleukin-15 (IL-15) and Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1), can help diagnose tuberculosis infection and differentiate between active and latent disease. These biomarkers show promise for improved tuberculosis diagnostics.

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Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

A Tuberculosis Molecular Bacterial Load Assay (TB-MBLA)

A Tuberculosis Molecular Bacterial Load Assay (TB-MBLA)

Published on: April 30, 2020

Area of Science:

Immunology
Infectious Diseases
Biomarker Discovery

Background:

Tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis and differentiation between active and latent infection remain challenging.
Novel biomarkers are needed to improve diagnostic accuracy and clinical management of TB.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify specific biomarker responses to TB antigens for improved diagnosis.
To differentiate between active and latent TB infections using biomarker profiles.

Main Methods:

Simultaneous evaluation of 25 biomarkers in whole blood supernatants using Luminex Multiplexed Bead Array.
Stimulation of blood samples with Quantiferon(®) Gold In-Tube kit antigens and a negative control.
Analysis of biomarker responses, defining response as the difference between antigen and control stimulation.

Main Results:

Interferon-gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10) was significantly higher in TB-infected individuals (active or latent) versus uninfected controls.
Interleukin-15 (IL-15) and Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1) levels were significantly higher in active TB compared to latent TB.
A combination of IL-15 and MCP-1 accurately identified 83% of active and 88% of latent TB infections.

Conclusions:

IL-15 and MCP-1 show potential as biomarkers for distinguishing active from latent TB infection.
These biomarkers could aid in the diagnosis and management of tuberculosis.
Further validation is warranted to confirm the clinical utility of IL-15 and MCP-1 in TB diagnostics.