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RNA Splicing

RNA Splicing

Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...

RNA Splicing

RNA Splicing

Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...

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Spindle Assembly

Spindle assembly occurs through three, often coexisting, pathways – the centrosome-mediated pathway, the chromatin-mediated pathway, and the microtubule-mediated pathway – collectively contributing to form a robust spindle apparatus.
In most cells, centrosomes are the primary microtubule nucleation centers. In the centrosome-mediated pathway, the G2-prophase transition triggers centrosome maturation and increased microtubule nucleation. Progressive nucleation results in a microtubule array...

Spindle Assembly

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Protein Complex Assembly

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Proteins can form homomeric complexes with another unit of the same protein or heteromeric complexes with different types. Most protein complexes self-assemble spontaneously via ordered pathways, while some proteins need assembly factors that guide their proper assembly. Despite the crowded intracellular environment, proteins usually interact with their correct partners and form functional complexes.
Many viruses self-assemble into a fully functional unit using the infected host cell to...

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Proteins can form homomeric complexes with another unit of the same protein or heteromeric complexes with different types. Most protein complexes self-assemble spontaneously via ordered pathways, while some proteins need assembly factors that guide their proper assembly. Despite the crowded intracellular environment, proteins usually interact with their correct partners and form functional complexes.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Analysis of Spliceosomal snRNA Localization in Human Hela Cells Using Microinjection

Analysis of Spliceosomal snRNA Localization in Human Hela Cells Using Microinjection

Published on: August 6, 2019

Ordered and dynamic assembly of single spliceosomes.

Aaron A Hoskins¹, Larry J Friedman, Sarah S Gallagher

¹Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|March 12, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers tracked spliceosome assembly in real-time, revealing a sequential and reversible process for intron removal from pre-mRNAs. This ordered pathway impacts alternative splicing regulation.

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Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

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Published on: August 6, 2019

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Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Cell Biology
Biochemistry

Background:

The spliceosome is a crucial molecular machine for gene expression, catalyzing intron removal from pre-messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs).
Understanding spliceosome assembly dynamics is key to elucidating gene regulation and the mechanisms underlying alternative splicing.

Purpose of the Study:

To visualize and analyze the real-time assembly of single spliceosomes.
To determine the order and dynamics of spliceosomal subcomplex association with pre-mRNA.
To investigate the commitment point of pre-mRNA to the splicing pathway.

Main Methods:

Utilized yeast genetic engineering for precise experimental control.
Employed chemical biology tools to probe molecular interactions.
Applied multiwavelength fluorescence microscopy for real-time, single-molecule visualization in whole-cell extracts.

Main Results:

Demonstrated that spliceosomal subcomplexes assemble onto pre-mRNA sequentially through an ordered pathway.
Found that the association of each subcomplex is a reversible step.
Established that pre-mRNA commitment to splicing increases progressively as assembly advances, rather than being an early event.

Conclusions:

Spliceosome assembly is a dynamic, ordered, and reversible process.
The stepwise assembly influences the regulation of alternative splicing.
The developed experimental approach offers a powerful tool for studying other complex molecular machines in near-native cellular environments.