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Children's perceived cost for exercise: application of an expectancy-value paradigm.

Evelyn S Chiang1, Sandra P Byrd, Ashley J Molin

  • 1University of North Carolina at Asheville, NC 28804, USA. echiang@unca.edu

Health Education & Behavior : the Official Publication of the Society for Public Health Education
|March 12, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Understanding children's motivation for physical activity is key. This study found that perceived costs, alongside beliefs and values, influence children's exercise choices, with variations by grade and gender.

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Area of Science:

  • Child Psychology
  • Motivation Science
  • Physical Activity Research

Background:

  • Expectancy-value models explain motivation in academics and sports.
  • Applying these models to children's physical activity (exercise) is less explored.
  • Perceived cost is a critical, under-examined factor in children's exercise motivation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of perceived cost in children's motivation for physical activity.
  • To examine the relationship between expectancy-value components (competence beliefs, importance, interest, cost) and children's self-reported physical activity.
  • To explore how grade and gender influence children's perceptions of exercise costs.

Main Methods:

  • Surveyed 220 children in grades 3-5.
  • Assessed children's competence beliefs, perceived importance, interest, and perceived cost related to physical activity.
  • Analyzed relationships between motivational beliefs and self-reported physical activity levels.

Main Results:

  • Perceived cost is distinct from other value components and marginally related to physical activity.
  • Children's beliefs and values significantly relate to their physical activity levels.
  • Perceptions of physical activity costs differ across grade levels and genders.

Conclusions:

  • Perceived cost is an important, independent construct in children's exercise motivation.
  • Interventions targeting perceived costs could enhance children's physical activity.
  • Motivational factors, including cost, are crucial for promoting lifelong physical activity habits.