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Related Concept Videos

RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
Riboswitches01:56

Riboswitches

Riboswitches are non-coding mRNA domains that regulate the transcription and translation of downstream genes without the help of proteins. Riboswitches bind directly to a metabolite and can form unique stem-loop or hairpin structures in response to the amount of the metabolite present. They have two distinct regions – a metabolite-binding aptamer and an expression platform.
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RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
Ribozymes02:47

Ribozymes

The term ribozyme is used for RNA that can act as an enzyme. Ribozymes are mainly found in selected viruses, bacteria, plant organelles, and lower eukaryotes. Ribozymes were first discovered in 1982 when Tom Cech’s laboratory observed Group I introns acting as enzymes. This was shortly followed by the discovery of another ribozyme, Ribonulcease P, by Sid Altman’s laboratory. Both Cech and Altman received the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1989 for their work on ribozymes.
Ribozymes can be...
Ribozymes02:47

Ribozymes

The term ribozyme is used for RNA that can act as an enzyme. Ribozymes are mainly found in selected viruses, bacteria, plant organelles, and lower eukaryotes. Ribozymes were first discovered in 1982 when Tom Cech’s laboratory observed Group I introns acting as enzymes. This was shortly followed by the discovery of another ribozyme, Ribonulcease P, by Sid Altman’s laboratory. Both Cech and Altman received the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1989 for their work on ribozymes.
Ribozymes can be...

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Inhibition of gene expression by ribozymes.

W W Hauswirth1, L C Shaw, P O Whalen

  • 1Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.

Methods in Molecular Medicine
|March 12, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ribozymes are RNA molecules with catalytic abilities. Their specific RNA-cleaving action shows potential for developing new medical therapies against viral infections and cell proliferation.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Ribozymes are RNA molecules possessing catalytic activity.
  • They facilitate various reactions, including RNA and DNA cleavage and ligation.
  • The therapeutic potential of ribozymes was recognized in the early 1980s.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the catalytic functions of ribozymes.
  • To explore the medical applications of ribozymes.
  • To highlight the potential of self-cleaving ribozymes in therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of naturally occurring ribozymes.
  • Classification of ribozymes into three main groups: RNase P, self-splicing introns, and self-cleaving viral agents.
  • Analysis of ribozyme specificity and size for medical applications.

Main Results:

  • Ribozymes catalyze diverse biochemical reactions.
  • Three classes of naturally occurring ribozymes exist.
  • Self-cleaving ribozymes offer significant potential for medical therapies due to their specificity.

Conclusions:

  • Ribozymes are versatile RNA enzymes with significant biological roles.
  • Self-cleaving ribozymes are particularly promising for therapeutic interventions.
  • Targeted RNA cleavage by ribozymes can inhibit viral replication and cell proliferation.