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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Real-Time Dynamic Navigation System for the Precise Quad-Zygomatic Implant Placement in a Patient with a Severely Atrophic Maxilla

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Published on: October 18, 2021

The nasomaxillary complex, the mandible, and sleep-disordered breathing.

Jee Hyun Kim¹, Christian Guilleminault

¹Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, South Korea.

Sleep & Breathing = Schlaf & Atmung

|March 12, 2011

Summary

Children with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) often have craniofacial risk factors like narrow palates. Clinical assessment of these features, particularly using the Mallampati scale, can predict treatment response.

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Published on: November 4, 2025

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Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Real-Time Dynamic Navigation System for the Precise Quad-Zygomatic Implant Placement in a Patient with a Severely Atrophic Maxilla

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Midface Hypoplasia and Cranial Base Morphology in Syndromic Craniosynostosis: A Comparative Analysis Study Using a Predictive Regression Model

Midface Hypoplasia and Cranial Base Morphology in Syndromic Craniosynostosis: A Comparative Analysis Study Using a Predictive Regression Model

Published on: November 4, 2025

Area of Science:

Pediatric Sleep Medicine
Craniofacial Biology
Respiratory Medicine

Background:

Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) affects children, with craniofacial anatomy playing a potential role.
Standardized clinical evaluation of craniofacial features in SDB is crucial for understanding disease presentation and treatment outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the frequency of high/narrow hard palate and/or small/retroplaced mandible in children with SDB using standardized clinical scales.
To correlate craniofacial features with SDB severity and treatment response.

Main Methods:

Retrospective review of clinical and polysomnographic data from 400 children (2-17 years) with SDB.
Exclusion of obese children and those with syndromic disorders.
Assessment of craniofacial features (palate, mandible, tonsils, Mallampati scale) and correlation with polysomnography (apnea-hypopnea index) and treatment outcomes (adenotonsillectomy).

Main Results:

93.3% of children had craniofacial risk factors for SDB, including narrow palates and small mandibles.
High Mallampati scores (3-4) were associated with incomplete response to adenotonsillectomy.
Age influenced initial clinical complaints, but craniofacial features were consistently prevalent.

Conclusions:

Craniofacial risk factors for SDB are common in non-obese children, irrespective of age.
Mallampati scale scores of 3-4 can identify children at higher risk for poor response to adenotonsillectomy.
Clinical assessment of craniofacial anatomy is valuable for predicting treatment outcomes and guiding further management, including post-surgery polysomnography.