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Ventricular septal defect in Down syndrome. Anatomic types and associated malformations
1Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Bambino Gesú Hospital, Rome, Italy.
American Journal of Diseases of Children (1960)
|May 1, 1990
Summary
Children with Down syndrome have a higher prevalence of inlet ventricular septal defects and mitral valve clefts. These cardiac anomalies differ significantly from those found in patients without Down syndrome.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Genetics
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is a frequent congenital heart defect.
- Down syndrome is associated with a high incidence of cardiac anomalies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of different anatomic types of VSD.
- To identify associated cardiac malformations in children with Down syndrome and VSD.
- To compare VSD patterns in children with and without Down syndrome.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of echocardiographic and angiocardiographic data.
- Inclusion of 73 children with VSD and Down syndrome.
- Comparison with 303 children with VSD but without Down syndrome.
Main Results:
- Inlet VSD was significantly more common in the Down syndrome group.
- Muscular and subpulmonary VSDs were exclusively found in the non-Down syndrome group.
- Mitral valve clefts were more frequent in Down syndrome, while left-sided heart obstructions were seen only in the non-Down syndrome group.
Conclusions:
- Distinct patterns of VSD anatomy and associated cardiac malformations exist between patients with and without Down syndrome.
- These findings highlight specific congenital heart disease profiles associated with Down syndrome.