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Role of the RAS in pancreatic cancer
1School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
Abstract:
Angiotensin II (Ang II), a main effector peptide of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), mediates a hormonal action in the maintenance of blood pressure and electrolyte levels, and thus fluid homeostasis. Ang II also mediates paracrine, autocrine and/or intracrine actions in the control of various specific functions of diverse tissue organs. In the pancreas, Ang II exerts a growth promoting, angiogenic influence via the mediation of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R). Recent studies have implicated inappropriate activation of the local RAS in pancreatic cancer, including upregulation of AT1R and the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), which consequently enhance Ang II-induced tumour activity. In addition to acting in a classical antihypertensive capacity, RAS blockers (AT1R blockers or ACE inhibitors) may yield protective effects against pancreatic cancer, a highly aggressive malignancy that is intrinsically resistant to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Substantial experimental data from studies using cell and animal models of pancreatic cancer support the notion that RAS regulates tumour growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis; and a convergence of such findings suggests that pharmacological RAS blockade could have therapeutic potential in the management of pancreatic cancer. This review critically appraises the current research progress on the role of RAS in pancreatic cancer, and discusses the potential for developing drugs that target RAS for treatment of pancreatic cancer.
Insights
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) promotes pancreatic cancer growth. Blocking RAS with drugs like AT1R blockers or ACE inhibitors may offer new treatments for pancreatic cancer.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Cardiovascular Biology
- Endocrinology
Background:
- The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) regulates blood pressure and fluid balance.
- Angiotensin II (Ang II), a key RAS peptide, influences various tissue functions.
- Local RAS activation is implicated in pancreatic cancer progression.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of the RAS in pancreatic cancer.
- To explore the therapeutic potential of RAS blockade in pancreatic cancer treatment.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on RAS in pancreatic cancer.
- Analysis of experimental data from cell and animal models.
- Discussion of pharmacological RAS blockade strategies.
Main Results:
- Angiotensin II (Ang II) promotes pancreatic tumor growth and angiogenesis via AT1R.
- Upregulation of AT1R and ACE in pancreatic cancer enhances Ang II activity.
- RAS blockade shows potential in inhibiting tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis.
Conclusions:
- The RAS plays a significant role in pancreatic cancer development and progression.
- Targeting the RAS with blockers offers a promising therapeutic strategy for pancreatic cancer.
- Further research into RAS-targeted drugs could lead to effective pancreatic cancer treatments.
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