Disease resistance in Merino sheep. II. RFLPs in Class IIMHC and their association with resistance to footrot

A M Litchfield1, H W Raadsma, D J Hulme

  • 1Department of Animal Science, The University of Sydney; Department of Animal Health, The University of Sydney, Camden and C.S.I.R.O., Division of Animal Health, McMaster Laboratory, PMB, Glebe, Australia.

Abstract

Insights

Genetic variations in sheep's Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) Class II region were analyzed using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). Specific genetic markers were found to be associated with susceptibility and resistance to footrot following vaccination.

Area of Science:

  • Immunogenetics
  • Animal Genetics
  • Veterinary Science

Background:

  • Footrot is a significant disease in sheep, impacting flock health and productivity.
  • Genetic factors, particularly within the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC), are known to influence disease resistance.
  • Understanding ovine MHC Class II polymorphism can provide insights into footrot susceptibility and vaccine efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the genetic polymorphism within the ovine MHC Class II region.
  • To identify specific genetic markers associated with susceptibility and resistance to experimentally induced footrot.
  • To explore the relationship between MHC Class II polymorphism and antibody responses post-vaccination.

Main Methods:

  • Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) analysis was performed on DNA from 83 sheep.
  • Human cDNA probes (DQα-folke, DRβ-malta, DRβ-signe) and restriction enzymes (TaqI, PvuII, EcoRI) were used for Southern blotting.
  • Association analysis was conducted between detected DNA bands/clusters and footrot incidence, residual infection, and antibody titres.

Main Results:

  • Extensive polymorphism was detected in the ovine MHC Class II region, with 74 bands identified across probe/enzyme combinations.
  • One specific band was significantly associated with increased susceptibility to footrot over a 27-week period.
  • Several bands and clusters showed significant associations with residual footrot infection and antibody responses after vaccination.

Conclusions:

  • Genetic polymorphism within the ovine MHC Class II region plays a role in the variation of footrot response.
  • Identified genetic markers may serve as indicators for footrot susceptibility or resistance in sheep.
  • These findings contribute to understanding the genetic basis of disease resistance and improving vaccination strategies.