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Related Concept Videos

Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue01:15

Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue

In the CNS, neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons from stem cells, is limited to the hippocampus in adults. In other regions of the brain and spinal cord, neurogenesis is almost non-existent due to inhibitory influences from neuroglia, especially oligodendrocytes, and the absence of growth-stimulating cues. The myelin produced by oligodendrocytes in the CNS inhibits neuronal regeneration. Furthermore, astrocytes proliferate rapidly after neuronal damage, forming scar tissue that physically...

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A Comparative Approach for Quantitative Cell Counting Studies in Widely Different Mammalian Brains
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Neurogenesis in humans.

Maurice A Curtis1, Monica Kam, Richard L M Faull

  • 1Centre for Brain Research, Auckland University, Auckland, New Zealand. m.curtis@auckland.ac.nz

The European Journal of Neuroscience
|March 15, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Adult human brains possess progenitor cells that generate new neurons (neurogenesis). This review examines how diseases and drugs impact brain plasticity and neurogenesis, particularly in the subventricular zone.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Evidence for adult human brain progenitor cells capable of neurogenesis has grown since 1944, confirmed in 1998.
  • The functional significance of human neurogenesis remains a subject of debate.
  • Research increasingly investigates endogenous regenerative responses in neurodegenerative diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence on altered plasticity and neurogenesis in the adult human brain.
  • To examine the impact of various diseases on neurogenesis.
  • To assess the effects of different drug treatments on neurogenesis and plasticity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing human studies on neurogenesis and brain plasticity.
  • Analysis of research focusing on the hippocampus, subventricular zone, and ventriculo-olfactory system.
  • Synthesis of data on disease-induced and drug-induced changes in neurogenesis.

Main Results:

  • While studies on human neurogenesis are limited, evidence suggests significant plasticity.
  • The subventricular zone and ventriculo-olfactory system show greater plasticity compared to the hippocampus.
  • Specific diseases and drug treatments can increase or decrease neuroplasticity and neurogenesis.

Conclusions:

  • The adult human brain exhibits plasticity, with potential for neurogenesis.
  • Neurodegenerative diseases and pharmacological interventions differentially affect brain plasticity.
  • Further research is needed, but current findings highlight the brain's regenerative potential.