Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis01:30

Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis

Protein synthesis is indispensable for viral replication, as viruses lack the cellular machinery required for this process and must hijack the host's translational apparatus. In response, host cells deploy a critical innate immune defense involving interferons, specialized cytokines that play a central role in inhibiting viral propagation.Upon viral detection, infected cells release interferons that bind to receptors on adjacent uninfected cells, activating the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and...
Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction01:19

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...
Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF01:24

Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF

Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), a proinflammatory cytokine, contributes significantly to the inflammation seen in Crohn's disease. It exists as soluble TNF and membrane-bound TNF, with actions mediated through TNF receptors (TNFR). TNFR activation leads to the release of proinflammatory cytokines, T-cell activation, collagen production, and leukocyte migration, all contributing to inflammation in Crohn's disease. Anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies, namely infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab (Humira),...
Inhibitors Of Virion Release01:25

Inhibitors Of Virion Release

Viral replication and dissemination rely on efficient mechanisms for host cell entry, genome replication, assembly, and release. Influenza viruses, such as types A and B, are negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses with a segmented genome, that depend on two critical surface glycoproteins to carry out these processes: hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). HA initiates infection by binding to sialic acid residues on the surface of host epithelial cells, facilitating receptor-mediated...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Brain Immune Cell Composition in Multiple Sclerosis and Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy After Natalizumab: An Immunohistochemical Cohort Study.

Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation·2026
Same author

Beyond the 2024 McDonald criteria for defining and diagnosing multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis and related disorders·2026
Same author

Annual 12-Week Dosing Gap of Natalizumab: Clinical Efficacy, Blood Biomarkers, and CSF Cell Composition.

Annals of clinical and translational neurology·2025
Same author

A Newly Validated Gold Standard for Measuring Multiple Sclerosis Disability Worsening.

Neurology·2025
Same author

Temporal Relationship Between Serum Neurofilament Light Chain and Radiologic Disease Activity in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis.

Neurology·2024
Same author

Magnetic resonance fingerprinting in multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis and related disorders·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

High-throughput Quantitative Real-time RT-PCR Assay for Determining Expression Profiles of Types I and III Interferon Subtypes
10:00

High-throughput Quantitative Real-time RT-PCR Assay for Determining Expression Profiles of Types I and III Interferon Subtypes

Published on: March 24, 2015

Beta-interferon for multiple sclerosis.

Richard A Rudick1, Susan E Goelz

  • 1Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis Treatment and Research, Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA. rudickr@ccf.org

Experimental Cell Research
|March 15, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Interferon beta effectively treats relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) by reducing relapses and MRI lesions. Further research is needed to fully understand its mechanism of action and optimize patient response.

More Related Videos

Development and Validation of an Ultrasensitive Single Molecule Array Digital Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay for Human Interferon-α
08:26

Development and Validation of an Ultrasensitive Single Molecule Array Digital Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay for Human Interferon-α

Published on: June 14, 2018

Rescue of Recombinant Newcastle Disease Virus from cDNA
10:55

Rescue of Recombinant Newcastle Disease Virus from cDNA

Published on: October 11, 2013

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

High-throughput Quantitative Real-time RT-PCR Assay for Determining Expression Profiles of Types I and III Interferon Subtypes
10:00

High-throughput Quantitative Real-time RT-PCR Assay for Determining Expression Profiles of Types I and III Interferon Subtypes

Published on: March 24, 2015

Development and Validation of an Ultrasensitive Single Molecule Array Digital Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay for Human Interferon-α
08:26

Development and Validation of an Ultrasensitive Single Molecule Array Digital Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay for Human Interferon-α

Published on: June 14, 2018

Rescue of Recombinant Newcastle Disease Virus from cDNA
10:55

Rescue of Recombinant Newcastle Disease Virus from cDNA

Published on: October 11, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimmunology
  • Pharmacology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Interferon beta is a primary therapy for relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS).
  • Multiple interferon beta formulations and emerging biosimilars are available globally.
  • The precise mechanism of action for interferon beta in MS remains incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical efficacy of interferon beta in RRMS.
  • To explore the potential mechanisms underlying interferon beta's therapeutic effects.
  • To discuss product variations, immunogenicity, biomarkers, and future research directions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of clinical studies on interferon beta in RRMS.
  • Analysis of data on interferon beta's physiochemical properties and immunogenicity.
  • Synthesis of information on biomarkers associated with treatment response.

Main Results:

  • Interferon beta significantly reduces relapse rates by approximately 33% and new MRI lesions by about 66%.
  • Evidence suggests potential benefits in reducing disability progression and brain atrophy.
  • Variations in interferon beta products may influence clinical outcomes and immunogenicity.

Conclusions:

  • Interferon beta is an established treatment for RRMS with demonstrated clinical benefits.
  • Understanding the complex biological response and identifying predictive biomarkers are crucial for personalized therapy.
  • Further research should address unresolved questions regarding optimal use and long-term effects.