[Pyelonephritis table during the pregnancy: think of the listeriosis]

Listeriosis in pregnancy is usually benign; however the foetal consequences are serious. We report a case of atypical listeriosis simulating pyelonephritis, in a pregnant woman who presented at 25 weeks gestation a left renal colic, operating in a febrile context; it was treated as urinary tract infection with gentamicin and ceftriaxon. The evolution was marked by the exacerbation of symptoms followed by in utero foetal death. Blood culture was performed in post abortion; the diagnosis was retained after bacteriological examination of the placenta. This observation suggested evoking listeriosis in any case of unexplained fever during pregnancy, even with clinical signs suggestive of pyelonephritis, and not delay making blood cultures and prescribing antibiotics in general an amoxicillin.