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Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Cigarette Smoke Exposure in Mice using a Whole-Body Inhalation System

Cigarette Smoke Exposure in Mice using a Whole-Body Inhalation System

Published on: October 22, 2020

Steroid hormone levels associated with passive and active smoking.

Offie P Soldin¹, Kepher H Makambi, Steven J Soldin

¹Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA. os35@georgetown.edu

|March 15, 2011

Summary

Cigarette smoke exposure, both active and passive, is linked to lower serum steroid hormone levels in women. These hormonal changes may contribute to adverse effects on female health and fertility.

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Impact Assessment of Repeated Exposure of Organotypic 3D Bronchial and Nasal Tissue Culture Models to Whole Cigarette Smoke

Impact Assessment of Repeated Exposure of Organotypic 3D Bronchial and Nasal Tissue Culture Models to Whole Cigarette Smoke

Published on: February 12, 2015

Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Environmental Health
Reproductive Science

Background:

Cigarette tobacco smoke is a significant environmental contaminant impacting overall health.
Adverse effects of smoking extend to reproductive health, including fertility and pregnancy outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the association between active smoking, passive smoke exposure, and serum concentrations of various steroid hormones.
Utilize advanced tandem mass spectrometry for precise hormone quantification.

Main Methods:

Recruited healthy women aged 18-45 into three groups: active smokers (N=107), passive smokers (N=86), and non-smokers (N=100).
Classified participants based on self-reporting and serum cotinine levels.
Measured serum concentrations of androgens, estrogens, progestins, and other steroid hormones including dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS).

Main Results:

Serum estrone, estradiol, and estriol levels were significantly lower in both active and passive smokers compared to non-smokers.
Significant differences in serum concentrations of 16-OHE1, aldosterone, and 25-hydroxy-vitamin D3 (25-OHVitD3) were observed among the groups.
Aldosterone levels were lower in smokers and passive smokers versus non-smokers; progesterone and estriol were lower in passive smokers versus non-smokers.

Conclusions:

Environmental tobacco smoke exposure, whether active or passive, is associated with reduced median concentrations of key steroid hormones.
These observed hormonal alterations provide a potential mechanism explaining the detrimental effects of tobacco smoke on female reproductive health and fertility.