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Related Concept Videos

Information Processing Approach01:30

Information Processing Approach

The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is also...
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Automatic Processing and Automatic Social Behavior

Automatic processing refers to the cognitive operations that occur without conscious intent or awareness, playing a fundamental role in shaping social cognition and behavior. These processes enable individuals to navigate complex social environments efficiently by relying on mental shortcuts and pre-existing knowledge structures known as schemas. One of the most influential mechanisms underlying automatic processing is priming, which subtly activates mental representations through exposure to...
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During Piaget's concrete operational stage, from ages 7 to 11, children exhibit a marked increase in logical thinking skills, specifically in relation to tangible, real-world events. This stage is characterized by the development of several essential cognitive concepts, including conservation, reversibility, and classification, all of which support the child's evolving capacity for structured thought.
Conservation and Constancy of Quantity
A significant cognitive milestone in the concrete...
Piaget's Stage 4 of Cognitive Development01:19

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Exploration...
Revisionist Views of Adolescent and Adult Cognition01:24

Revisionist Views of Adolescent and Adult Cognition

A revisionist approach to Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development has brought new insights that challenge and reinterpret his established ideas. Piaget proposed that the formal operational stage, emerging in adolescence, represents the culmination of cognitive maturity. During this stage, individuals are said to develop abstract thinking, engage in systematic problem-solving, and show a form of egocentrism, believing others are as preoccupied with their behavior as they are themselves.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Multimedia Battery for Assessment of Cognitive and Basic Skills in Mathematics (BM-PROMA)
10:58

Multimedia Battery for Assessment of Cognitive and Basic Skills in Mathematics (BM-PROMA)

Published on: August 28, 2021

Exploring the developmental changes in automatic two-digit number processing.

Winnie Wai Lan Chan1, Terry K Au, Joey Tang

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. cwinnie@hku.hk

Journal of Experimental Child Psychology
|March 15, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Children, like adults, automatically process two-digit numbers. This study reveals a developmental shift in how children process number information, moving from sequential to parallel activation of digits.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Numerical Cognition

Background:

  • Adults demonstrate automatic processing of two-digit numbers, even when irrelevant to the task.
  • The automatic processing of numbers in children and the specific information activated remain less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether children automatically process two-digit numbers.
  • To determine what kind of numerical information is activated during automatic processing in children.
  • To explore the developmental trajectory of automatic number processing.

Main Methods:

  • A novel dot-number Stroop task was employed with children (Grades 1-5) and adults.
  • Participants judged the larger dot size in displays of two-digit numbers composed of dots.
  • Reaction times were analyzed to assess the influence of numerical characteristics on dot size judgment.

Main Results:

  • Children, similar to adults, exhibit automatic processing of two-digit numbers.
  • Reaction times indicated that numerical characteristics influenced dot size judgments, supporting automatic processing.
  • Evidence suggests a developmental progression in automatic number processing.

Conclusions:

  • Children automatically process two-digit numbers, mirroring adult capabilities.
  • A developmental trend in automatic two-digit number processing is proposed, evolving from sequential to parallel digit activation.
  • Findings contribute to understanding the development of numerical cognition and automaticity.